Portal Jurnal Ilmiah
Goretan Pena

Abstract: This research aims to investigate the way learning motivation and the intensity of utilizing the digital platform Google Classroom influence the English language self-efficacy of AMIK Polibisnis students. The study applied a quantitative approach with an ex-post facto causal design. A total of 30 students were selected as the sample through purposive sampling. The instrument was a five-point Likert scale questionnaire that had undergone validity and reliability testing. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that learning motivation had a positive and significant effect (sig. 0.001), the level of Google Classroom use also positively and significantly impacted self-efficacy (sig. 0.000), and both variables together exerted a significant influence (sig. 0.000183) with a 32.2% contribution. The results indicate that students' confidence in their English competence grows as the frequency of accessing Google Classroom and their learning drive increase. Consequently, continuously optimizing the use of Google Classroom and fostering learning enthusiasm are crucial steps to strengthen students' self-belief in English learning within higher education institutions.  Keywords: Google Classroom; Learning Motivation; Self-Efficacy; English Ability   Abstrak: Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana motivasi belajar dan intensitas pemanfaatan media digital Google Classroom memengaruhi keyakinan diri (self-efficacy) berbahasa Inggris mahasiswa AMIK Polibisnis. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain kausalitas ex-post facto. Sampel terdiri dari 30 mahasiswa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket berskala Likert lima tingkat yang telah melewati pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi linier sederhana dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa motivasi belajar memberikan dampak positif dan signifikan (sig. 0,001), intensitas penggunaan Google Classroom juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap efikasi diri (sig. 0,000), dan kedua variabel secara bersamaan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan (sig. 0,000183) dengan kontribusi sebesar 32,2%. Temuan studi memperlihatkan bahwa keyakinan diri mahasiswa terhadap kemampuan bahasa Inggris mereka bertambah seiring dengan meningkatnya frekuensi akses Google Classroom dan tingginya dorongan belajar. Karenanya, upaya mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan Google Classroom secara terus-menerus serta mendorong semangat belajar menjadi langkah penting guna memperkuat rasa percaya diri mahasiswa dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Kata Kunci: Google Classroom; Motivasi Belajar; Self-Efficacy; Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the social construction of meaning surrounding the Tabuik tradition in Pariaman City through the perspective of Peter L. Berger’s Social Construction of Reality theory. The Tabuik tradition has undergone a shift in meaning, situated between the preservation of cultural values, the pressures of tourism commodity, and resistance emerging from religious discourse. This research employed a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, including traditional leaders (Tuo Tabuik), as well as supporting informants from students of the Minangkabau Literature Program, who represented the younger generation. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data collection, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the construction of meaning of the Tabuik tradition among students is shaped through the integration of empirical experiences, formal education, and social interactions. Theoretically, these meanings are manifested in three major dimensions: cultural identity, spiritual experience, and cultural transformation in the modern era. The study indicates that students perceive Tabuik from two contrasting perspectives. On the one hand, it is regarded as a symbol of ancestral heritage preservation that embodies important philosophical and cultural values. On the other hand, concerns emerge regarding its transformation into a tourism commodity, which may reduce the sacredness of the tradition. Furthermore, the influence of social media and Generation Z lifestyles has encouraged the reinterpretation of Tabuik as a medium for self-expression and social existence. Therefore, this study confirms that the meaning of the Tabuik tradition is dynamic and continuously evolving in response to social influences and the communication patterns of younger generations. Keywords: Social Construction; Peter L. Berger; Tabuik Tradition; Pariaman; Phenomenology.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam konstruksi sosial pemaknaan tradisi Tabuik di Kota Pariaman dengan menggunakan analisis Teori Konstruksi Sosial atas Realitas dari Peter L. Berger. Tradisi Tabuik saat ini mengalami pergeseran makna antara pelestarian nilai kultural, desakan komoditas pariwisata, dan resistensi dari diskursus keagamaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap informan kunci yang terdiri dari tokoh adat (Tuokan Tabuik) serta informan pendukung dari kalangan mahasiswa Prodi Sastra Minangkabau sebagai representasi generasi muda. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa konstruksi makna tradisi Tabuik di kalangan mahasiswa terbentuk melalui integrasi pengalaman empiris, pendidikan formal, dan interaksi sosial. Secara teoretis, makna tersebut terbagi ke dalam dimensi identitas budaya, pengalaman spiritual, serta transformasi budaya di era modern. Hasil studi menunjukkan persepsi mahasiswa: di satu sisi, Tabuik dipandang sebagai simbol pelestarian warisan leluhur yang bernilai filosofis, namun di sisi lain, terdapat kekhawatiran akan pergeseran maknanya menjadi sekadar komoditas pariwisata yang mereduksi kesakralan tradisi. Lebih lanjut, pengaruh media sosial dan gaya hidup generasi Z turut mendorong reinterpretasi tradisi sebagai bentuk eksistensi diri. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa makna tradisi Tabuik bersifat dinamis dan terus berkembang seiring dengan pengaruh sosial serta pola komunikasi generasi muda. Kata kunci: konstruksi sosial; Peter L. Berger; tradisi tabuik; Pariaman; fenomenologi.

Abstract: This study aims to describe the use of Physics Education Technology (PhET) applications as interactive learning tools for elementary school students. Science education at the elementary level often faces challenges because many concepts are abstract and difficult for children to understand. To overcome this, this study uses two approaches that include the planning stage, selection of suitable simulations, and implementation of PhET in the classroom. This approach also involves the process of observation, assessment of concept understanding, and analysis of student responses to the learning methods used. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative method by observing directly, conducting interviews with teachers, and administering simple formative tests. The results of the study show that the use of PhET can help children understand abstract mathematical concepts, such as the relationship between fractions and decimals, through interactive visualizations and digital object manipulation. In addition, students also showed an increase in learning motivation, curiosity, and activity in discussions. Thus, the PhET application can be an innovative and effective learning medium in improving the quality of mathematics learning at the elementary school level. Keywords: Interactivity, Mathematics, PhET Learning Media, Elementary School, Simulation.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penggunaan aplikasi Physics Education Technology (PhET) sebagai sarana pembelajaran interaktif bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar. Pembelajaran sains di tingkat dasar sering kali menghadapi tantangan karena banyak konsep yang bersifat abstrak dan susah dipahami oleh anak-anak. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan yang mencakup tahap perencanaan, pemilihan simulasi yang cocok, serta penerapan PhET dalam kelas. Pendekatan ini juga melibatkan proses observasi, penilaian pemahaman konsep, serta analisis respons siswa terhadap metode pembelajaran yang digunakan. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan cara mengamati langsung, melakukan wawancara dengan guru, serta memberikan tes formatif sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan PhET dapat membantu anak-anak memahami konsep matematika yang abstrak, seperti hubungan antara pecahan dan desimal, melalui visualisasi yang interaktif dan manipulasi objek digital. Selain itu, siswa juga menunjukkan peningkatan motivasi belajar, rasa ingin tahu, dan keaktifan dalam berdiskusi. Dengan demikian, aplikasi PhET dapat menjadi media pembelajaran yang inovatif dan efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran matematika di tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Kata Kunci: Interaktivitas, Matematika, Media Pembelajaran PhET, Sekolah Dasar, Simulasi.

Abstract: The flood disaster that hit Tualang Baro Village caused massive damage to public administration infrastructure, including loss of vital documents, disruption of population administration services, and legal uncertainty in land tenure. This community service activity aims to provide legal assistance and strengthening of public administration recovery for flood-affected communities through an academic-based legal resilience transformation model. Activities included legal counseling sessions, direct document recovery assistance at the village office, and capacity building training for village officials. The program successfully facilitated the recovery of civil registration documents, strengthened community legal awareness, and produced a replicable Academic-Based Juridical Resilience Transformation Model (MTKYA). This activity simultaneously supported the achievement of Higher Education Key Performance Indicators (IKU) and demonstrated the concrete role of universities in post-disaster legal recovery and community empowerment. Keywords: Legal Assistance; Public Administration; Post-Flood Disaster; Tualang Baro; MBKM.     Abstrak: Bencana banjir yang melanda Desa Tualang Baro menyebabkan kerusakan masif pada infrastruktur administrasi publik, termasuk kehilangan dokumen vital, gangguan layanan administrasi kependudukan, dan ketidakpastian hukum dalam penguasaan tanah. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan pendampingan hukum dan penguatan pemulihan administrasi publik bagi masyarakat terdampak banjir melalui model transformasi ketahanan yuridis berbasis akademik. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan meliputi penyuluhan hukum interaktif, pendampingan pemulihan dokumen kependudukan secara langsung di kantor desa, serta pelatihan penguatan kapasitas aparatur desa. Program ini berhasil memfasilitasi pemulihan dokumen kependudukan warga, meningkatkan kesadaran hukum masyarakat, dan menghasilkan Model Transformasi Ketahanan Yuridis Berbasis Akademik (MTKYA) yang dapat direplikasi. Kegiatan ini sekaligus mendukung pencapaian Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) Perguruan Tinggi dan membuktikan peran nyata kampus dalam pemulihan hukum dan pemberdayaan masyarakat pascabencana. Kata kunci: Pendampingan Hukum; Administrasi Publik; Pascabencana Banjir; Tualang Baro; MBKM.

Abstract: The Darma Bahagia Library in Binjai Baru Village has not been optimally utilized as a community literacy center, particularly for elementary school students. Low reading interest and the lack of literacy activities remain the main issues. This community service program aims to revitalize the library’s function through the reorganization of its book collection, the addition of educational murals, and the implementation of the KINCIRIA Program (Joyful Literacy Class). The program was carried out in four stages: preparation, physical revitalization, program implementation, and evaluation with sustainability planning. The results show an increase in students’ participation in reading activities, group learning, and other creative literacy practices. Moreover, the library has become more attractive, child-friendly, and functional again as a community learning hub. Program sustainability is supported by teachers, library managers, and village officials who are committed to continuing the literacy activities on a regular basis. Therefore, this program successfully enhanced students’ learning motivation and fostered a literacy culture among elementary school students. Keywords: literacy, village library, educational mural, KINCIRIA, elementary school students     Abstrak: Perpustakaan Darma Bahagia di Desa Binjai Baru selama ini belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai pusat literasi masyarakat, khususnya bagi siswa sekolah dasar. Rendahnya minat baca dan minimnya kegiatan literasi menjadi permasalahan utama yang dihadapi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk merevitalisasi fungsi perpustakaan melalui penataan ulang koleksi buku, penambahan mural edukatif, serta implementasi Program KINCIRIA (Kelas Literasi Ceria). Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dalam empat tahap, yaitu persiapan, revitalisasi fisik, implementasi program, serta evaluasi dan keberlanjutan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan partisipasi siswa dalam aktivitas membaca bersama, belajar kelompok, dan kegiatan literasi kreatif lainnya. Selain itu, perpustakaan menjadi lebih menarik, ramah anak, dan berfungsi kembali sebagai pusat belajar masyarakat desa. Keberlanjutan program didukung oleh guru, pengelola perpustakaan, dan perangkat desa yang berkomitmen melanjutkan kegiatan literasi secara rutin. Dengan demikian, kegiatan ini mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar sekaligus menumbuhkan budaya literasi di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar. Kata kunci: literasi, perpustakaan desa, mural edukatif, KINCIRIA, siswa sekolah dasar

Abstract: Flooding in Aceh Tamiang has had a significant impact on the disruption of village administrative services, particularly in Simpang Lhee Village, due to damage to office equipment and data storage media. This condition has hindered public services such as the issuance of official letters, document management, and community access to post-disaster services. This community service program aims to restore the function of village administration while strengthening the capacity of village officials in managing digital archives. The implementation method was carried out systematically through stages of needs assessment, provision of facilities in the form of printers and external hard drives, as well as technical training and assistance. The results indicate that village administrative services have gradually returned to normal, supported by the availability of operational equipment and improved capacity of village officials in managing documents and performing routine data backups. Overall, this program not only contributes to the recovery of public services after the flood but also promotes the development of a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable village administrative system. Keywords: Village Administrative Recovery; Digital Archiving; Post-Flood Recovery.     Abstrak: Bencana banjir di Aceh Tamiang berdampak signifikan terhadap terganggunya layanan administrasi desa, khususnya di Desa Simpang Lhee, akibat kerusakan perangkat perkantoran dan media penyimpanan data. Kondisi ini menghambat pelayanan publik seperti penerbitan surat keterangan, pengelolaan dokumen, dan akses masyarakat terhadap layanan pasca-bencana. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memulihkan fungsi administrasi desa sekaligus memperkuat kapasitas aparatur dalam pengelolaan arsip digital. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan secara sistematis melalui tahapan identifikasi kebutuhan, intervensi sarana berupa pemberian printer dan hard disk eksternal, pelatihan dan pendampingan teknis. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa layanan administrasi desa mulai kembali berjalan normal, didukung oleh ketersediaan perangkat operasional dan meningkatnya kemampuan aparatur desa dalam mengelola dokumen serta melakukan pencadangan data secara rutin. Secara keseluruhan, program ini tidak hanya berkontribusi pada pemulihan layanan publik pasca-banjir, tetapi juga mendorong terbentuknya sistem administrasi desa yang lebih tangguh, efisien, dan berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: Pemulihan Administrasi Desa; Arsip Digital; Pasca-Banjir.

Abstract: Sales prediction is important for pharmacy retail businesses to support stock planning and reduce dependence on subjective decision-making. This study aims to implement Multiple Linear Regression to predict the sales of home brand products at a pharmacy outlet and integrate the prediction model into a web-based system. The data used in this study were daily sales transaction data from Sri Manja Pharmacy Outlet from May 16, 2024 to April 16, 2026. The initial dataset consisted of 124,992 transaction records, which were filtered, cleaned, aggregated into daily sales data, and transformed into predictive variables, including time-based variables, historical sales patterns, and discount variables. The model was developed separately for each product using an 80:20 time-based data split and evaluated using MAE, RMSE, MAPE, and R². The results show that the model can predict sales with varying performance across products. One tested product achieved a MAPE of 12.21% and an R² of 0.9068, indicating relatively good predictive performance. The model was successfully implemented into a web-based system that supports sales prediction, visualization, and report generation. Therefore, the proposed system can assist pharmacy outlets in making more data-driven sales and stock planning decisions. Keywords: Home Brand; Multiple Linear Regression; Pharmacy Outlet; Sales Prediction; Web-Based System.   Abstrak: Prediksi penjualan memiliki peran penting dalam bisnis ritel farmasi untuk mendukung perencanaan stok dan mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap pengambilan keputusan secara subjektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan Regresi Linear Berganda dalam memprediksi penjualan produk home brand pada satu outlet farmasi serta mengintegrasikan model prediksi ke dalam sistem berbasis web. Data yang digunakan merupakan data transaksi penjualan harian Outlet Farmasi Sri Manja periode 16 Mei 2024 sampai 16 April 2026. Dataset awal terdiri dari 124.992 baris transaksi, kemudian dilakukan seleksi, pembersihan, agregasi menjadi data penjualan harian, dan pembentukan variabel prediksi yang meliputi variabel waktu, pola historis penjualan, dan variabel diskon. Model dibangun secara terpisah untuk setiap produk menggunakan pembagian data berbasis waktu dengan rasio 80:20 serta dievaluasi menggunakan MAE, RMSE, MAPE, dan R². Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model mampu memprediksi penjualan dengan performa yang berbeda pada setiap produk. Salah satu produk yang diuji memperoleh nilai MAPE sebesar 12,21% dan R² sebesar 0,9068, yang menunjukkan performa prediksi cukup baik. Model berhasil diimplementasikan ke dalam sistem berbasis web yang mendukung prediksi, visualisasi, dan pembuatan laporan penjualan. Dengan demikian, sistem yang diusulkan dapat membantu outlet farmasi dalam pengambilan keputusan penjualan dan perencanaan stok berbasis data. Kata Kunci: Home Brand; Outlet Farmasi; Prediksi Penjualan; Regresi Linier Berganda; Sistem Berbasis Web.

Abstract: Oil palm leaf diseases can significantly reduce harvest productivity. Manual identification is considered less effective because it requires a long time and carries the risk of misidentification. This study develops a leaf image detection system using a CNN with the MobileNetV2 architecture, implemented on both web and mobile platforms. A dataset of 1,200 images from Kaggle and field observations covers four classes: leaf spot, anthracnose, yellow stripe, and Other. The research stages include data collection, image preprocessing, dataset splitting, CNN model training using the MobileNetV2 architecture, model testing, performance evaluation, and system implementation on web and mobile platforms. Evaluation was conducted using confusion matrix, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score parameters. Based on testing results, the model achieved 93.33% accuracy, 93.71% precision, 92.92% recall, and 93.31% F1-score. The developed system was successfully implemented on web and mobile platforms with features such as image upload, automatic classification, detection history, and disease management recommendations. With this system, users are expected to perform early detection of oil palm leaf diseases more quickly, practically, and accurately. Keywords: CNN, Deep Learning, Image Classification, MobileNetV2, Oil Palm Leaf Disease.   Abstrak: Penyakit daun kelapa sawit dapat menurunkan produktivitas panen secara signifikan. Identifikasi manual dinilai kurang efektif karena membutuhkan waktu lama dan berpotensi salah identifikasi. Penelitian ini membangun sistem deteksi citra daun menggunakan CNN arsitektur MobileNetV2 berbasis web dan mobile. Dataset 1.200 citra dari Kaggle dan observasi lapangan mencakup empat kelas: bercak daun, antraknosa, garis kuning, dan Other. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data, preprocessing citra, pembagian dataset, pelatihan model CNN menggunakan arsitektur MobileNetV2, pengujian model, evaluasi performa, serta implementasi sistem berbasis web dan mobile. Proses evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan parameter confusion matrix, accuracy, precision, recall, dan F1-score. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, model memperoleh akurasi 93,33%, precision 93,71%, recall 92,92%, dan F1-score 93,31%. Sistem yang dibangun berhasil diimplementasikan pada platform web dan mobile dengan fitur unggah citra, proses klasifikasi otomatis, riwayat deteksi, serta rekomendasi penanganan penyakit. Dengan adanya sistem ini, pengguna diharapkan dapat melakukan deteksi dini penyakit daun kelapa sawit secara lebih cepat, praktis, dan akurat. Kata Kunci: CNN, Deep Learning, Klasifikasi Citra, MobileNetV2, Penyakit Daun Sawit.

Abstract: In managing its business strategy, PT. Halindo Berjaya Mandiri requires an intelligent computational approach to evaluate and predict the achievement level of sales targets based on historical data. This study aims to implement an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using the Perceptron algorithm to classify overall fish sales data into two binary categories: 'Target Achieved' and 'Target Not Achieved'. The data used in this study relies on three independent input variables, namely the sales history in 2023, 2024, and 2025. The computational stages applied include data matrix preprocessing through the Min-Max Scaling normalization technique, linear combination calculation (Weighted Sum) mapped through the Sigmoid activation function, and an iterative optimization stage using the Delta Rule to update the weight and bias values. Based on the simulation and training conducted, the model was quantitatively evaluated using the Confusion Matrix method. The system testing results show that the Perceptron algorithm is capable of performing classification with a highly optimal accuracy rate of 94.81% and producing a very low error rate (Mean Squared Error) of 0.030291. This study proves that the ANN method with the Perceptron algorithm has high reliability and is highly feasible to be implemented as the foundation for a predictive decision support system at PT. Halindo Berjaya Mandiri. Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Perceptron Algorithm, Classification, Delta Rule, Sigmoid Function, Fish Sales.   Abstrak: PT. Halindo Berjaya Mandiri dalam mengelola strategi bisnisnya memerlukan pendekatan komputasi cerdas untuk mengevaluasi dan memprediksi tingkat pencapaian target penjualan berdasarkan data historis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan (JST) menggunakan algoritma Perceptron guna mengklasifikasikan data keseluruhan penjualan ikan ke dalam dua kategori biner, yaitu 'Mencapai Target' dan 'Tidak Mencapai Target'. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bertumpu pada tiga variabel masukan independen, yakni riwayat penjualan pada Tahun 2023, 2024, dan 2025. Tahapan komputasi yang diterapkan meliputi prapemrosesan matriks data melalui teknik normalisasi Min-Max Scaling, perhitungan kombinasi linear (Weighted Sum) yang dipetakan melalui fungsi aktivasi Sigmoid, serta tahapan optimasi iteratif menggunakan aturan Delta Rule untuk memperbarui nilai bobot dan bias. Berdasarkan simulasi dan pelatihan yang dilakukan, model dievaluasi secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode Confusion Matrix. Hasil pengujian sistem menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Perceptron mampu melakukan klasifikasi dengan tingkat akurasi yang sangat optimal sebesar 94,81% serta menghasilkan rasio tingkat kesalahan (Mean Squared Error) yang sangat rendah, yaitu 0,030291. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa metode JST algoritma Perceptron memiliki keandalan yang tinggi dan sangat layak untuk diimplementasikan sebagai landasan sistem pendukung keputusan prediktif pada PT. Halindo Berjaya Mandiri. Kata Kunci: Jaringan Saraf Tiruan, Algoritma Perceptron, Klasifikasi, Delta Rule, Fungsi Sigmoid, Penjualan Ikan.

Abstract: Chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality in various countries, including Indonesia. Early detection of chronic disease risk is a crucial step in more effective prevention and treatment. One important source of information for identifying these risks is laboratory data, particularly patient blood data, which includes parameters such as glucose levels, cholesterol, blood pressure, hemoglobin, and other indicators. The objective of this study was to design and develop a patient blood data clustering application to identify chronic disease risk using the K-Menas method and the Elbow method using a web programming language. The data used in this study consisted of a sample of 140 individuals. Of the total sample, 140 patients were successfully grouped into four optimal clusters (K = 4). This data partitioning process resulted in a varied population distribution within each cluster, reflecting the heterogeneity of clinical and demographic characteristics among the study subjects. Based on the analysis of 140 patients, the population was dominated by the Critical/Chronic group (Cluster 4) at 45.7% (64 patients), followed by the Healthy/Normal Group (Cluster 1) at 30% (42 patients), and the Low/Early Risk (Cluster 2) and High Risk (Cluster 3) groups, each with an equal minority proportion of 12.1% (17 patients). Keywords: Elbow Optimization, K-Menas Method, Clustering, Patient Blood Data, Chronic Disease Risk Identification   Abstrak: Penyakit kronis seperti diabetes, hipertensi, dan penyakit jantung menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Deteksi dini terhadap risiko penyakit kronis merupakan langkah penting dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanganan yang lebih efektif. Salah satu sumber informasi penting untuk mengidentifikasi risiko tersebut adalah data laboratorium, khususnya data darah pasien, yang mencakup parameter-parameter seperti kadar glukosa, kolesterol, tekanan darah, hemoglobin, serta indikator lainnya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini ialah Untuk merancang dan membuat aplikasi clustering data darah pasien untuk identifikasi resiko penyakit kronis menggunakan Metode  K-Menas  dan metode elbow dengan bahasa pemrograman web. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa sample sebanyak 140 orang. Dari total sampel penelitian sebanyak 140 pasien berhasil dikelompokkan ke dalam 4 klaster optimal (K = 4). Proses partisi data ini menghasilkan sebaran populasi yang bervariasi di setiap klasternya, mencerminkan adanya heterogenitas karakteristik klinis atau demografis di antara subjek penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap 140 pasien, populasi didominasi oleh kelompok Kritis/Kronis (Klaster 4) sebesar 45,7% (64 pasien), diikuti kelompok Kelompok Sehat/Normal (Klaster 1) sebesar 30% (42 pasien), serta kelompok Risiko Rendah/Awal (Klaster 2) dan Risiko Tinggi (Klaster 3) yang memiliki proporsi minoritas setara masing-masing sebesar 12,1% (17 pasien). Kata Kunci: Optimasi Elbow, Metode K-Menas, Clustering, Data Darah Pasien, Identifikasi Resiko Penyakit Kronis

Abstract: This study aims to classify provinces in Indonesia based on tourist stay patterns in star-rated hotels using the Hebb Network method. Computational data is sourced from official publications of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) covering 38 provinces in Indonesia. The Hebb Network method was chosen because of its effectiveness in linearly adjusting the strength of weights between neurons based on the bipolar correlation of input and output values, thus mapping provinces into three target classes: Low, Medium, and High. The system is implemented using the PHP programming language to facilitate the training and computational testing process. Based on the results of testing 38 test data using the final network weight parameters, the model successfully classified 29 data sets correctly according to their actual target classes. The evaluation results showed that the system achieved an accuracy level of 76.32%. Misclassification of 23.68% generally occurred in data with values ​​​​in the threshold area due to the dominance of the final network bias parameters. Overall, this model classification is valid in identifying stay patterns, thus providing strategic insights for local governments and tourism industry players in formulating more targeted and data-driven development policies. Keywords: Hebb Network, Classification, Length of Stay, Starred Hotels, Machine Learning, Indonesian Tourism.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan provinsi di Indonesia berdasarkan pola durasi menginap wisatawan pada hotel berbintang menggunakan metode Jaringan Hebb. Data komputasi bersumber dari publikasi resmi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) yang mencakup 38 provinsi di Indonesia. Metode Jaringan Hebb dipilih karena efektivitasnya dalam menyesuaikan kekuatan bobot antar neuron secara linier berdasarkan korelasi nilai masukan dan keluaran bipolar, sehingga mampu memetakan provinsi ke dalam tiga kelas target: Rendah, Sedang, dan Tinggi. Sistem diimplementasikan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP untuk memfasilitasi proses pelatihan dan pengujian komputasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian terhadap 38 data uji menggunakan parameter bobot akhir jaringan, model berhasil mengklasifikasikan 29 data dengan tepat sesuai kelas target aktualnya. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mencapai tingkat akurasi sebesar 76,32%. Misklasifikasi sebesar 23,68% umumnya terjadi pada data dengan nilai di area batas ambang (threshold) akibat dominasi parameter bias akhir jaringan. Secara keseluruhan, model klasifikasi ini valid dalam mengidentifikasi pola durasi menginap, sehingga dapat memberikan wawasan strategis bagi pemerintah daerah dan pelaku industri pariwisata dalam merumuskan kebijakan pengembangan yang lebih terarah dan berbasis data. Kata Kunci: Jaringan Hebb, Klasifikasi, Durasi Menginap, Hotel Berbintang, Machine Learning, Pariwisata Indonesia.

 This study was conducted to examine the effect of using LAPS Heuristic-basedE-LKPD on students’ learning outcomes. The research applied a quantitative approachwith a pretest-posttest design. The sample of this study consisted of 36 students. Datawere collected through a pretest administered before the implementation of the E-LKPDand a posttest conducted after the implementation of the LAPS Heuristic-based E-LKPD.The obtained data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to determine the differencesin learning outcomes before and after the treatment. The findings revealed that theaverage pretest score was 69.36, while the average posttest score increased to 92.47. Thestatistical analysis showed that the value of ???????????????????????? = 14.37, whereas the value of???????????????????????? = 2.03at the 5% significance level. Since the value of ????????????????????????was higher than????????????????????????, H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted. These results indicate that the use of LAPSHeuristic-based E-LKPD had a significant effect on improving students’ learningoutcomes. Therefore, the LAPS Heuristic-based E-LKPD was considered effective for usein the learning process.

High quality public service requires a balance between administrative efficiency and visitor comfort, including for members of the public who come with children. This study aims to analyze the development of child-friendly facilities in improving visitor services at the Kulon Progo Regency Secondary Education Office. The background of the study is based on the importance of public services that are not only fast and efficient but also comfortable, inclusive, and responsive to the needs of the community, including visitors who come with children. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. Research informants consisted of office management, service staff, facility maintenance personnel, and service users. Research findings indicate that the development of facilities and infrastructure for children’s reading rooms is crucial and can improve the quality of services provided to visitors. These efforts have a positive impact on service quality, marked by increased public comfort, a more orderly service process, more manageable waiting times, and increased staff effectiveness in serving visitors’ needs. Additionally, the public has responded positively to the changes in facilities, which are now neater, more accessible, and user-friendly. It is concluded that child-friendly spaces are a simple yet effective public service innovation for sustainably improving the quality of public services.

Regulations on restitution for victims of abuse in Indonesia are normatively available and reinforced through Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2022. However, their implementation remains inconsistent, particularly in practice, such as at the Stabat Court, where judges tend not to optimally utilize their freedom and independence in imposing restitution and remain formalistic and cautious. This research applies a normative legal approach because, to address the formulated problem, the primary focus is on literature review or the use of secondary data. The normative legal approach places greater emphasis on the use of secondary data and identifies structural and cultural barriers, including a lack of coordination among law enforcement officials, difficulties in proving victims' losses, victims' low understanding of the right to restitution, and a judicial system that still emphasizes punishment of perpetrators rather than victim recovery. Restitution is a crucial instrument that serves not only as compensation but also as a means of comprehensive recovery. Therefore, strengthening its implementation and the active role of judges are necessary to achieve a more effective balance of justice between perpetrators and victims.

Medan City Customs and Excise Supervision and Services (KPPBC) in the implementation of Bonded Zone facilities as an instrument for increasing investment and strengthening the competitiveness of national industry. The problem in this study focuses on how the implementation of services and supervision of Bonded Zone facilities by KPPBC Medan City and various legal and administrative challenges faced in supporting increased investment. Although Bonded Zone facilities provide various fiscal incentives and procedural conveniences that are proven to be able to increase exports and attract investment, there are still obstacles in the form of complexity of supervision, lack of synchronization of legal regulations, lack of norms related to inspection and assistance mechanisms, limited supervisory resources, and potential injustice for industries outside the Bonded Zone. The research method used is normative legal research with an approach to legal principles, legal systematics, legal synchronization, and laws and regulations related to Bonded Zones. The results of the study indicate that KPPBC Medan City has carried out its service and supervision role quite effectively through the provision of fiscal facilities, simplification of electronic-based customs procedures, fast licensing services, technical assistance to business actors, and risk management-based supervision. This policy has had a positive impact on company operational efficiency, increased exports, and investment growth in Medan City. However, various challenges remain, including regulatory inconsistencies, legal gaps in certain oversight mechanisms, limited resources, and the need for a more balanced oversight model that balances facilitation and law enforcement functions. Therefore, strengthening regulatory harmonization, improving the quality of assistance, optimizing inter-agency coordination, and developing risk-based oversight are necessary to create legal certainty and a more conducive investment climate.  

The research was motivated by the researcher's interest in improving students' mathematical concept understanding at MTS Ar-Rasyid. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the GeoGebra-Assisted TaRL approach on the problem-solving abilities at VIIIth-grade students of MTS Ar-Rasyid. This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The population are all VIIIth-grade students of MTS Ar-Rasyid. The subjects are students at VIIIth-A class  as the experimental class using the GeoGebra-Assisted TaRL approach and VIIIth-B class as the control class using the direct learning model. The materials used in this study were cubes and cuboids. After completing the learning, a posttest was given with an average result of the experimental class of 75,6000 and the control class of 58,6400. The results of the t-test obtained     then  was accepted, thus a significant influence was obtained by using the TaRL approach Assisted by the Geogebra Application on the Mathematical Concept Understanding Ability of Students at VIIIth grade students of MTS Ar-Rasyid.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of using LAPS Heuristic-based E-LKPD on students’ learning outcomes. The research applied a quantitative approach with a pretest-posttest design. The sample of this study consisted of 36 students. Data were collected through a pretest administered before the implementation of the E-LKPD and a posttest conducted after the implementation of the LAPS Heuristic-based E-LKPD. The obtained data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to determine the differences in learning outcomes before and after the treatment. The findings revealed that the average pretest score was 69.36, while the average posttest score increased to 92.47. The statistical analysis showed that the value of , whereas the value of at the 5% significance level. Since the value of was higher than , H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted. These results indicate that the use of LAPS Heuristic-based E-LKPD had a significant effect on improving students’ learning outcomes. Therefore, the LAPS Heuristic-based E-LKPD was considered effective for use in the learning process.

The aims of this study is to determine the effect of the Treffinger Learning model assisted by the Wordwall application on the mathematical problem-solving abilities of students at SMA N 1 Air Batu. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a Two Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study was  the entire tenth grade, consisting of five classes. The sample consisted of two classes (Xth-1 and Xth-2) selected using cluster random sampling. Xth-1 class served as the control class using the conventional learning model, while Xth-2 class served as the control class using the Treffinger Learning model. After the instruction is completed, a posttest is conducted, showing the average results for the experimental 53,793 and control classes 40,459. The t-test results tcount = 8,057>ttable=2,003 so Ho is rejected and H1 accepted, indicating the influence of the Treffinger Learning model assisted by the Wordwall application on the mathematical problem-solving abilities of students at SMA N 1 Air Batu.

The study aims to develop a guided inquiry-based teaching module assisted by GeoGebra on the Conceptual Understanding of Quadratic Functions at Xth grade Students of Mas Al-Mukhlisin Tanjung Tiram. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study using the 4-D development model, which includes the stages of Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The instruments used in this study include validation, teacher and student response questionnaires, and a conceptual understanding test. Based on the validator's assessment results, the developed open module obtained a validity value of 86%, categorized as very valid. The results of the practicality of the teaching module based on the teacher's response questionnaire were 100% and students were 83,17%, categorized as very practical. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the teaching module, as seen from the concept comprehension ability test, obtained a value of 80%, categorized as effective. Thus, the guided inquiry-based teaching module assisted by GeoGebra on the quadratic function material at Xth grade is declared suitable for use in learning because it has met the criteria of valid, practical, and effective.

This study examines the effects of implementing Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based worksheets integrated with Batak culture on students’ mathematical critical reasoning skills. A quantitative approach was used with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The research subjects were students in class XI-1 at SMAN 1 Air Putih, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using an essay test. The analysis included a paired t-test, a normality test, and an N-gain analysis. The results showed that the data were normally distributed (pretest 0.293; posttest 0.356). The t-test yielded a significance level of 0.001 (<0.05), indicating a significant effect. The N-gain value of 0.67 falls into the moderate category, indicating an improvement in ability. Thus, PBL-based worksheets integrated with Batak culture are effective in developing students’ mathematical critical reasoning.