Portal Jurnal Ilmiah
Goretan Pena

Abstract: Digital economic innovations such as the internet, smartphones, and other technological applications can facilitate the collection, storage, and analysis of various information in the economic world, especially for every Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) actor in transforming their entrepreneurial processes. Many MSME actors find it difficult to maintain their businesses. This is because they are unable to compete with MSME actors carried out by the younger generation. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of digital innovations in the economy and ESG-based green finance in improving the performance and sustainability of MSMEs in Medan Tembung. The research methodology used is a purposive sampling technique. This type of research is causal research. The data analysis model used is SEM-PLS. Data sources are primary and secondary data. Overall, the results of this study show that Digital Innovation, Green Finance, and ESG Implementation are important factors that influence the performance and sustainability of MSMEs. ESG is proven to be an intervening variable that strengthens the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, while MSME performance is proven to be a bridge to MSME sustainability. Thus, the results of this study confirm that the sustainability of MSMEs depends not only on financial aspects, but also on their ability to digitally transform, access green financing, and integrate ESG practices into every line of their business. Keyword: Performance Improvement; MSMEs; Digital Economy Innovation; Green Finance; ESG Abstrak: Inovasi digital ekonomi seperti internet, smartphone, dan aplikasi teknologi lainnya dapat mempermudah dalam mengumpulkan, menyimpan, dan menganalisis berbagai informasi dalam dunia ekonomi khususnya bagi setiap pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam mengubah proses kewirausahaannya. Banyak pelaku UMKM yang merasa kesulitan untuk bisa mempertahankan usaha mereka. Hal ini disebabkan karena mereka kalah bersaing dengan pelaku UMKM yang dilakukan oleh genarasi muda. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat dampak dari inovasi digital ekonomi dan keuangan hijau berbasis ESG dalam meningkatkan kinerja dan keberlanjutan UMKM di Medan Tembung. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausalitas. Model analisis data yang digunakan yaitu SEM-PLS. Sumber data berupa data primer dan sekunder. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa Inovasi Digital, Keuangan Hijau, dan Penerapan ESG adalah faktor penting yang memengaruhi kinerja dan keberlanjutan UMKM. ESG terbukti menjadi variabel intervening yang memperkuat hubungan antar variabel independen dan dependen, sementara kinerja UMKM terbukti menjadi jembatan menuju keberlanjutan UMKM. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keberlanjutan UMKM bukan hanya bergantung pada aspek finansial, tetapi juga pada kemampuan UMKM untuk bertransformasi secara digital, mengakses pembiayaan hijau, dan mengintegrasikan praktik ESG dalam setiap lini usahanya. Kata kunci: Penigkatan Kinerja; UMKM; Inovasi Digital Ekonomi; Keuangan Hijau; ESG 

Abstract: Digital image processing plays an important role in object classification, both for research and practical applications. This study discusses the implementation of the K-Means Clustering method for identifying and classifying images of pandas, lions, and handycam devices using MATLAB software. The research stages include image acquisition, preprocessing such as image conversion and normalization, feature extraction based on color and texture, and classification using the K-Means algorithm. Experimental results show that the K-Means method is capable of grouping objects into the appropriate classes based on image feature similarity. The system’s accuracy is influenced by input image quality, cluster parameters, and the amount of training data used. Therefore, this study demonstrates that K-Means can be applied as a simple yet effective method for object image classification, particularly in distinguishing between animal types and non-living objects such as handycams. Keywords: K-Means, Image Processing, MATLAB, Object Classification, Panda, Lion,  Handycam Abstrak: Pengolahan citra digital memiliki peran penting dalam bidang klasifikasi objek, baik untuk penelitian maupun implementasi praktis. Penelitian ini membahas penerapan metode K-Means Clustering dalam proses identifikasi dan klasifikasi citra panda, singa, serta perangkat handycam menggunakan perangkat lunak MATLAB. Tahapan penelitian meliputi akuisisi citra, pra-pemrosesan berupa konversi citra dan normalisasi, ekstraksi fitur warna dan tekstur, serta proses klasifikasi dengan algoritma K-Means. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa metode K-Means mampu mengelompokkan objek ke dalam kelas yang sesuai berdasarkan kemiripan fitur citra. Tingkat akurasi sistem dipengaruhi oleh kualitas citra masukan, parameter klaster, dan jumlah data latih yang digunakan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa K-Means dapat dijadikan metode sederhana namun efektif dalam klasifikasi citra objek, khususnya untuk membedakan jenis binatang dan perangkat non-hayati seperti handycam. Kata kunci: K-Means, Pengolahan Citra, MATLAB, Klasifikasi Objek, Panda, Singa, Handycam

Abstract: This study was conducted to compare the growth of pepper cuttings following the application of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) through the soil and leaves. The study took place at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Malikussaleh University, from May to August 2024, using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK). The results showed that the application technique and concentration of POC significantly affected shoot length and number of leaves in the early growth phase, but did not affect several other parameters such as the age of shoot emergence and root length. The best treatment was at a concentration of 4.5 ml/L. Keywords: Pepper, liquid, organic, cuttings Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan untuk menguji efektivitas pupuk organik cair NASA terhadap pertumbuhan stek tanaman lada. Penelitian berlangsung di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Malikussaleh dari Mei hingga Agustus 2024 dengan metode penelitian aplikasi POC NASA di tanah dan daun dengan 4 taraf yaitu: 0; 1,5; 3; 4,5 ml/L. Penelotian menggunakan RAK faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik dan konsentrasi POC NASA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang tunas dan jumlah daun pada fase awal pertumbuhan, tetapi tidak memengaruhi beberapa parameter lain seperti umur muncul tunas dan panjang akar. Konsentrasi POC NASA 4,5 ml/L menunjukkan hasil lebih baik di beberapa parameter pengamatan. Kata kunci: Lada, cair, organik, stek

Abstract: Phalaenopsis orchids are one of the ornamental plants that are very popular with the public because they have attractive flower colors and shapes. One of the obstacles in the success of orchid cultivation is the attack of soft rot disease caused by Dickeya dadantii. Therefore, efforts are needed to find Phalaenopsis clones that are resistant to soft rot disease. This study aims to identify the resistance response of the hybrid orchid genotype Phal. ‘Salu Spot’ × Phal. bellina no. 1102-44. The plant material used was the hybrid orchid Phal. ‘Salu Spot’ × Phal. bellina no. 1102-44 inoculated with Dickeya dadantii bacteria. Identification of the resistance response was carried out through the infection method using the leaf disk technique. The results showed that the clone Phal. ‘Salu Spot’ × Phal. bellina no. 1102-44 was successfully grouped into five resistance classes at 24 JSI (hours after inoculation). A total of three accessions were identified as having resistance to soft rot disease, with two accessions originating from the 22.19 µM media treatment (T2-15 and T2-17) and one other accession originating from the 44.39 µM media treatment (T4-23). Keywords: orchid, Dickeya dadantii, plant resistance, leaf disk technique Abstrak: Anggrek Phalaenopsis merupakan salah satu tanaman hias yang sangat diminati masyarakat karena memiliki warna dan bentuk bunga yang menarik. Salah satu hambatan dalam keberhasilan budidaya tanaman anggrek adalah serangan penyakit busuk lunak yang disebabkan oleh Dickeya dadantii. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya untuk menemukan klon Phalaenopsis yang memiliki ketahanan terhadap penyakit busuk lunak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi respons ketahanan genotipe anggrek hibrida Phal. ‘Salu Spot’ × Phal. bellina no. 1102-44. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan berupa anggrek hibrida Phal. ‘Salu Spot’ × Phal. bellina no. 1102-44 yang diinokulasi dengan bakteri Dickeya dadantii. Identifikasi respons ketahanan dilakukan melalui metode infeksi menggunakan teknik leaf disk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon Phal. ‘Salu Spot’ × Phal. bellina no. 1102-44 berhasil dikelompokkan ke dalam lima kelas ketahanan pada 24 JSI (jam setelah inokulasi). Sebanyak tiga aksesi teridentifikasi memiliki ketahanan terhadap penyakit busuk lunak, dengan dua aksesi berasal dari perlakuan media 22,19 µM (T2-15 dan T2-17) dan satu aksesi lainnya berasal dari perlakuan media 44,39 µM (T4-23). Kata kunci: Anggrek, Dickeya dadantii, ketahanan tanaman, tekhnik leaf disk

Abstract: Chili is one of the priority horticultural commodities developed because it has high economic value. However, on the other hand, increased chili production is not followed by increased productivity. Productivity can be increased through the use of mycorrhizal biofertilizers that utilize living organisms to improve soil fertility and several chili varieties that play an important role in determining productivity. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first treatment tested consisted of 4 levels, namely: (M0) 0 g per plant (control), (M1) 5 per plant, (M2) 10 per plant and (M3) 15 per plant, the second treatment was: varieties PM-999 (V1), Lado F1 (V2) and CTH-01 (V3). The parameters observed consisted of fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, fresh weight of roots per plant, dry weight of roots per plant and mycorrhizal root infection. The results showed that the mycorrhizal dose treatment significantly affected the parameters of fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant, fresh root weight and dry root weight per plant. The best treatment was the administration of a mycorrhizal dose (M2) of 10 g per plant which generally increased mycorrhizal root infection and resulted in better chili plant production. The treatment of several chili plant varieties significantly affected the parameters of fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant and the number of fruits per plant. The CTH-01 variety was the best variety, seen from the parameters of chili plant production. The combination of mycorrhizal dose treatment and several varieties did not show a significant interaction effect on chili production. Keywords: Mixed Mycorrhiza, Biofertilizer, Varieties, Chili Abstrak: Cabai merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura unggulan karena memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Namun, peningkatan produksi cabai tidak selalu diikuti oleh kenaikan produktivitas. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dapat dilakukan melalui pemanfaatan pupuk hayati mikoriza yang mengandalkan organisme hidup untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanah, serta pemilihan varietas cabai yang berperan penting dalam menentukan hasil produksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan pertama terdiri atas empat taraf dosis mikoriza, yaitu (M0) 0 g per tanaman (kontrol), (M1) 5 g per tanaman, (M2) 10 g per tanaman, dan (M3) 15 g per tanaman. Perlakuan kedua berupa tiga varietas cabai: PM-999 (V1), Lado F1 (V2), dan CTH-01 (V3). Parameter yang diamati meliputi berat segar per tanaman, berat kering per tanaman, jumlah buah per tanaman, berat buah per tanaman, berat segar akar, berat kering akar, dan tingkat infeksi akar mikoriza. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis mikoriza berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat segar tanaman, berat kering tanaman, serta berat segar dan kering akar. Dosis 10 g per tanaman (M2) merupakan perlakuan terbaik karena mampu meningkatkan infeksi akar mikoriza dan menghasilkan pertumbuhan serta produksi cabai yang lebih optimal. Perlakuan varietas juga menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap berat segar, berat kering, dan jumlah buah per tanaman, di mana varietas CTH-01 memberikan hasil terbaik pada parameter produksi. Sementara itu, kombinasi antara dosis mikoriza dan varietas cabai belum menunjukkan adanya interaksi yang nyata terhadap produksi tanaman cabai. Kata kunci: mikoriza campuran, pupuk hayati, varietas, cabai

Abstract: This research is a type of quantitative research. Further research is needed to understand the local context in Binjai City, which is the main focus of this research. urgent because of its relationship with Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) which is the total value of goods and services produced by a region in a certain period, and the poverty line profile in Binjai City has increased allegedly due to the decline in the number of MSMEs in Binjai City because the largest contributor to GRDP is from the trade sector. The purpose of this research is expected to be a reference for Binjai City regarding the problems faced by MSMEs in Binjai City related to visibility and competitiveness in terms of digital transformation so that later it will be more focused which causes a decrease in the number of MSMEs. The strategic method used in this research is to collect data, interviews, observations and analyze data using the AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) method. The population of this research is MSMEs in Binjai City. The results of the first hypothesis research there is a positive and significant influence between the role of social media on visibility. The results of the study explain the second hypothesis of a positive and significant influence between Digital marketing on visibility. The results of the study that the role of social media on competitiveness has a positive and significant effect. The research results show that digital marketing has a positive and significant impact on competitiveness. The research results explain that visibility has a positive and significant impact on competitiveness. Keyword: Social Media; Digital Marketing; Visibility; Competitiveness; MSMEs Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitaf. penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memahami konteks lokal di Kota Binjai, yang menjadi fokus utama dari penelitian ini. urgen karena kerterkaitan dengan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) merupakan nilai total barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan suatu wilayah dalam periode tertentu, dan profil garis kemiskinan di Kota Binjai meningkat diduga karena penurunun jumlah UMKM di Kota Binjai karena penyumbang PDRB terbesar dari sektor perdagangan. Tujuan penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi rujukan Kota Binjai atas permasalahan yang dihadapi UMKM di Kota Binjai terkait visibilitas dan daya saing dalam hal tranformasi digital sehingga nantinya lebih fokus yang menyebabkan penurunan jumlah UMKM. Metode strategi yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah dengan mengumpulkan data, wawancara, observasi dan menganalisis data menggunakan Metode AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures). Populasi penelitian ini adalah UMKM di Kota Binjai. Hasil penelitian hipotesis pertama terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara peran media sosial terhadap visibilitas. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan hipotesis kedua pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara Digital marketing terhadap visibilitas. Hasil penelitia bahwa peran media sosial terhadap daya saing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Hasil penelitian bahwa Digital marketing terhadap daya saing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Hasil penelitian menjelaksan visibilitas terhadap daya saing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan Kata kunci: Media Sosial;Digital Marketing;Visibilitas;Daya Saing;UMKM    

Abstract: Robusta coffee is a leading commodity in Lima Puluh Kota Regency and is highly sought after by the public. However, farmers still sell more cherry coffee than green beans. The purpose of this study was to describe the problems faced by coffee farmers in Situjuah Limo Nagari District, who sell more cherry coffee than green beans, and to design a marketing strategy for green beans in Situjuah Limo Nagari District. This research was conducted from July to October 2025 in Situjuah Limo Nagari District. The location was chosen because there are farmers selling green beans or cherry coffee in Situjuah Limo Nagari District. The research sample was purposive, selecting coffee farmers selling green beans or cherry coffee. The analysis used descriptive qualitative methods involving robusta coffee farmers and the local government. The results of the study indicate a marketing strategy for developing robusta green beans, starting from the upstream stage (good cultivation practices), coffee processing machines, the need for local government support for expanding the marketing of robusta green beans, and digital marketing through social media and online stores. Keyword: robusta coffee; marketing; green beans. Abstrak: kopi robusta menjadi komoditas unggulan di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota dan banyak diminati masyarakat. Akan tetapi, petani masih banyak menjual kopi ceri dibandingkan kopi green bean. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan permasalahan petani kopi Kecamatan Situjuah Limo Nagari yang lebih banyak menjual kopi ceri dibandingkan kopi green bean  dan merancang pengembangan pemasaran kopi green bean di Kecamatan Situjuah Limo Nagari. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Juli-Oktober 2025 di Kecamatan Situjuah Limo Nagari. Penentuan lokasi karena Kecamatan Situjuah Limo Nagari ada petani yang menjual kopi green bean atau ceri. Penentuan sampel penelitian dengan purposive yaitu petani kopi yang menjual kopi green bean atau ceri. Analisis yang digunakan deskriptif kualitatif melibatkan petani kopi robusta dan pemerintah daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perancangan pengembangan pemasaran kopi robusta green bean dengan yang dimulai dari hulu (cara budidaya yang baik), mesin pengolah kopi, perlunya dukungan pemerintah daerah untuk perluasan pemasaran kopi robusta green bean hingga pemasaran secara digital melalui media sosial dan toko online. Kata kunci: kopi robusta; pemasaran; green bean. 

 Abstract: The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of doomscrolling on social comparison among students who use social media. This study involved 121 students selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire via Google Forms. The instruments were tested for validity and reliability. The instrument used was the Doomscrolling Scale, modified from Rinanda et al., (2025) and based on the theory of Shabahang et al., (2023), consisting of 12 items with a reliability value of ? = 0.899. Meanwhile, to measure social comparison, the Social Comparison scale was used, which was adapted from Cahyani & Pangestuti (2023) and compiled based on Festinger (1954). It consists of 10 items with a reliability value of ? = 0.717. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression with JASP 0.95.3.0. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between doomscrolling and social comparison, with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.455 and p < 0.001. The coefficient of determination (R²) = 0.207 shows that doomscrolling behavior has a 20.7% effect on social comparison, while the remaining 79.3% is influenced by other factors. This means that the higher doomscrolling levels correspond to higher social comparison among students and conversely. Keyword: doomscrolling, social comparison, social media, high student Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh doomscrolling terhadap social comparison pada mahasiswa pengguna media sosial. Penelitian ini melibatkan 121 responden mahasiswa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dengan model skala likert yang disebarkan dengan bantuan Google Formulir. Uji instrument menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu, Doomscrolling Scale, hasil modifikasi dari Rinanda et al., (2025) yang disusun berdasarkan teori Shabahang et al., (2023), terdiri dari 12 item dengan nilai reliabilitas ? = 0,899. Sedangkan untuk mengukur social comparison, digunakan skala Social Comparison, hasil adaptasi dari Cahyani & Pangestuti (2023) yang disusun berdasarkan teori Festinger (1954) dan terdiri dari 10 item dengan nilai reliabilitas ? = 0,717. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji regresi linier sederhana dengan bantuan perangkat lunak JASP 0.95.3.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara doomscrolling dan social comparison, dengan nilai koefisian korelasi (r) = 0,455 dan p < 0,001. Nilai koefisian determinasi (R²) = 0,207 menunjukkan bahwa perilaku doomscrolling berpengaruh sebesar 20,7% terhadap social comparison, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 79,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor yang lain. Artinya, semakin tinggi tingkat doomscrolling maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat social comparison pada mahasiswa dan sebaliknya. Kata kunci: doomscrolling, social comparison, media sosial, mahasiswa 

Abstract: This study aims to examine the influence of leadership style, work motivation, and the work environment on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable at the Regional Secretariat of West Sumatra Province. This study was qualitative. The population consisted of 66 employees at the Regional Secretariat of West Sumatra Province. The sample selection method used total sampling, resulting in a sample size of 66. Data analysis used structural equation modeling (SEM) with the help of the smartPLS 3 application. The results of this study found that leadership style has no significant effect on job satisfaction. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. The work environment has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Leadership style has no significant effect on employee performance. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction does not mediate the effect of leadership style on employee performance. Job satisfaction mediates the effect of motivation on employee performance. Job satisfaction mediates the effect of the work environment on employee performance at the Regional Secretariat of West Sumatra Province. Keyword: employee performance, leadership style, work motivation, work environment, job satisfaction Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai melalui kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini Pegawai yang ada di Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang berjumlah 66 orang. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan sampel total sampling dan mendapatkan sampel sebanyak 66 sampel. Teknik analisis data menggunakan structural equation model (SEM) dengan bantuan aplikasi smartPLS 3. Hal penelitian ini, menemukan gaya kepemimpinan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Gaya kepemimpinan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kepuasan kerja tidak memediasi pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kepuasan kerja memediasi pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kepuasan kerja memediasi pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai  pada Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Kata kunci: kinerja pegawai, gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi kerja, lingkungan kerja, kepuasan kerja 

Customer satisfaction assessment is an essential component in improving the service quality of PNM Mekar, a microfinance institution focused on empowering women through ultra-micro financing. Conventional evaluations rely heavily on subjective perceptions, creating a need for a more structured and objective method. This study applies the Fuzzy Logic algorithm to measure customer satisfaction by transforming numerical data into linguistic variables through fuzzification. Annual operational data, including the number of customers and returning customers, were processed using membership functions and fuzzy rules, followed by defuzzification to obtain a crisp satisfaction value. The results indicate that all satisfaction levels fall into the low category, suggesting the need for service improvement. The fuzzy-based model proves effective in providing adaptive, consistent, and realistic satisfaction evaluation.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Cooperative Integrated Reading And Competition model on the Ability to Analyze Short Story Texts of Class XI of SMA Negeri 1 Talawi in the 2024/2025 Academic Year. This type of research is Experimental research. The sample in this study was class XI-2 as a control class using the Cooperative Integrated Reading And Competition Model and class XI-3 as an experimental class using conventional methods. After the learning was completed, a post-test was obtained with an average result of the experimental class of 80 (good category) and the control class of 61.9 (sufficient category). The results of the to calculation that have been obtained show that the t value is obtained, then consulted with the t table at the 5% and 1% levels with df = (N1 + N2) -2 = (36 + 36) -2 = 70. The t-table with df = 70 yields a significance level of 5% = 2.00 and a significance level of 1% = 2.65 because the calculated t (to) is greater than the t-table (t1), i.e., a significance level of 5% (6.93>2.00). Therefore, the significance level of 1% (6.93>2.65) means the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. This indicates that the experimental class performed better in learning to analyze short stories than the control class. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis, namely that there is a significant influence of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Competition model on the ability to analyze short stories in grade XI of SMA Negeri 1 Talawi in the 2024/2025 academic year, is accepted. Keywords: model, learning, short story text Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Cooperative Integrated  Reading  And   Competition terhadap Kemampuan Menganalisis Teks Cerpen Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Talawi Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI-2 sebagai kelas kontrol  dengan menggunakan Model Cooperative Integrated Reading  And  Competition  dan kelas XI-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode konvensional. Setelah pembelajaran selesai diberikan, diperoleh post-test dengan hasil rata-rata kelas eksperimen 80 ( kategori baik) dan kelas kontrol 61,9 (kategori cukup). Hasil perhitungan to yang telah diperoleh yakni menunjukkan bahwa nilai t diperoleh, selanjutnya dikonsultasikan dengan ttabel pada taraf 5% maupun 1 % dengan dk = (N1+N2) -2 = (36+36)-2=70. Pada tabel t dengan dk =70 diperoleh taraf signifikan 5% = 2,00 dan taraf signifikan 1% = 2,65 karena thitung (to) lebih besar dari ttabel (t1), yakni taraf signifikan 5% (6,93>2,00). Maka taraf signifikan 1% (6,93>2,65), maka hipotesis nihil (Ho) ditolak dan hipotesis alternative (Ha) diterima. Hal ini berarti dalam pembelajaran menganalisis teks cerpen kelas eksperimen lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol. Maka artinya hipotesis alternatif yaitu ada pengaruh yang signifikan dengan model Cooperative Integrated Reading  And  Competition  terhadap kemampuan menganalisis teks cerpen  kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Talawi Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025 diterima. Kata kunci : model, pembelajaran, teks cerpen 

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of interactive digital media in improving students' scientific literacy in Biology learning at Pondok Pesantren Ma'had Bina Ulama Asahan, Asahan Regency, North Sumatra. Using a qualitative approach with descriptive case study design, the research involved 27 students from grades X and XI and 2 Biology teachers over six months. The developed digital media included the BiOsys Interactive application, learning website, and interactive simulations. In-depth interview results showed significant improvements: 88.9% of students experienced enhanced understanding of Biology concepts, 86.2% improved in visualizing biological processes, 80.5% developed digital literacy, and 78.9% increased learning confidence. Despite facing technical challenges such as internet connectivity instability (47.9%) and limited devices, the research proves that technology integration can be harmoniously implemented with pesantren values through appropriate content curation, demonstrating the potential for transforming pesantren education toward 21st-century learning. Keyword: Interactive Digital Media, Scientific Literacy, Biology Learning Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas media digital interaktif dalam meningkatkan literasi sains siswa pada pembelajaran Biologi di PP Bina Ulama Kisaran, Kabupaten Asahan, Sumatera Utara. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus deskriptif, penelitian melibatkan 27 siswa kelas X dan XI serta 2 guru Biologi. Media digital yang dikembangkan mencakup aplikasi BiOsys Interactive, website pembelajaran, dan simulasi interaktif. Hasil wawancara mendalam menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan: 88,9% siswa mengalami peningkatan pemahaman konsep Biologi, 86,2% meningkat dalam kemampuan visualisasi proses biologis, 80,5% mengembangkan literasi digital, dan 78,9% meningkat kepercayaan diri dalam pembelajaran. Meskipun menghadapi tantangan teknis seperti ketidakstabilan koneksi internet (47,9%) dan keterbatasan perangkat, penelitian membuktikan bahwa integrasi teknologi dapat dilakukan harmonis dengan nilai-nilai pesantren melalui kurasi konten yang tepat, menunjukkan potensi transformasi pendidikan pesantren menuju pembelajaran abad ke-21. Kata kunci: RFM (Recency Frequency, Monetary), K-Means Clustering, VIP  

Abstract: This study aims to analyze several things, namely: a) a significant positive relationship between teacher work stress and teacher performance, b) factors that influence teacher work stress and c) work stress management strategies by teachers of State Vocational High Schools in South Kuta District. This study is a quantitative descriptive study, where teachers are the main actors in the world of education who play an important role in shaping the nation's next generation. This research was conducted at State Vocational High Schools in South Kuta District. The number of samples in this study was 32 teachers. Based on the results of the study, the R square value of 0.696 means that work stress and work culture affect teacher performance by 69.6% while 30.4% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. Teachers are one of the main actors in the world of education who play an important role in shaping the nation's next generation. However, in carrying out their duties, teachers are often faced with various demands and pressures, both academically, administratively, and psychologically. This can trigger work stress, which if not managed properly can negatively impact teacher performance, the quality of learning, and their mental well-being. In the State Vocational High School (SMK) environment, the challenges faced by teachers tend to be more complex compared to public schools. Keyword: Exploration, Strategy, Work stress, Vocational school, Teacher Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis beberapa hal yaitu: a) hubungan positif yang signifikan antara stress kerja guru terhadap kinerja guru, b) factor yang mempengaruhi stress kerja guru dan c) strategi  penanggulangan stres kerja oleh guru SMK Negeri di Kecamatan Kuta Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, dimana guru merupakan aktor utama dalam dunia pendidikan yang memegang peran penting dalam membentuk generasi penerus bangsa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Negeri di Kecamatan Kuta Selatan. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 32 orang guru. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai R square 0,696 bermakna bahwa stress kerja dan budaya kerja mempengaruhi kinerja guru sebesar 69,6% sedangkan 30,4% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti pada penelitian ini. Guru merupakan salah satu aktor utama dalam dunia pendidikan yang memegang peran penting dalam membentuk generasi penerus bangsa. Namun, dalam menjalankan tugasnya, guru sering kali dihadapkan pada berbagai tuntutan dan tekanan, baik dari segi akademik, administratif, maupun psikologis. Hal ini dapat memicu stres kerja, yang jika tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kinerja guru, kualitas pembelajaran, serta kesejahteraan mental mereka. Di lingkungan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri, tantangan yang dihadapi guru cenderung lebih kompleks dibandingkan dengan sekolah umum.  Kata kunci: Eksplorasi, Strategi, Stres kerja, SMK, Guru 

Abstract: Indonesia’s motorcycle industry has experienced rapid growth, yet consumer participation in after-sales services such as periodic maintenance remains low. This study aims to analyze the influence of promotion and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on consumer decisions to engage in periodic maintenance, with service interest as a mediating variable. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach with a sample of 100 consumers from AHASS Wahana Honda Jatake, Tangerang. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method. Results show that promotion and CRM have no significant direct effect on consumer decisions, but both have a significant positive effect on service interest. Service interest was found to fully mediate the relationship between promotion and CRM on consumer decisions. These findings highlight the importance of fostering service interest as a strategic link between marketing efforts and customer loyalty in official motorcycle service centers. Keyword: Consumer decision, Customer relationship management, Periodic maintenance, Promotion, Service interest Abstrak: Industri sepeda motor di Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan pesat, namun tingkat partisipasi konsumen dalam layanan purna jual seperti perawatan berkala masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh promosi dan Customer Relationship Management (CRM) terhadap keputusan konsumen melakukan perawatan berkala, dengan minat service sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada 100 responden pengguna layanan AHASS Wahana Honda Jatake, Tangerang, menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan teknik analisis Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa promosi dan CRM tidak berpengaruh langsung secara signifikan terhadap keputusan konsumen, tetapi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat service. Minat service terbukti memediasi secara penuh hubungan antara promosi dan CRM terhadap keputusan konsumen. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya membangun minat service sebagai jembatan strategi promosi dan CRM dalam meningkatkan loyalitas konsumen terhadap layanan perawatan berkala di bengkel resmi. Kata kunci: Customer Relationship Management, minat service, keputusan konsumen, perawatan berkala, promosi

Abstract: The advancement of the digital world has impacted company activities across all sectors, especially in serving consumers. This study aims to analyze the influence of social media and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on repurchase intention, with brand awareness as a mediating variable among consumers of Wahana Honda Gunung Sahari. Using a quantitative approach with a causal associative design, the study involved 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS) method. The results show that both social media and CRM significantly affect brand awareness and repurchase intention. Additionally, brand awareness is proven to be a significant partial mediator in these relationships. These findings underscore the strategic role of social media and CRM in building customer loyalty through increased brand awareness. The practical implication of this study is the importance of integrating more personalized social media and CRM strategies to encourage customer repurchase behavior. However, this study is limited by its single geographic context and quantitative approach, suggesting that future research should employ mixed methods and expand to a broader geographic scope. Keyword: Automotive, Brand Awareness, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Repurchase Intention, Social Media Abstrak: Perkembangan dunia digital membawa dampak pada aktivitas perusahaan di segala bidang, khususnya dalam melayani konsumen, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh media sosial dan Customer Relationship Management (CRM) terhadap niat pembelian ulang (repurchase intention) dengan kesadaran merek (brand awareness) sebagai variabel mediasi pada konsumen Wahana Honda Gunung Sahari. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain asosiatif kausal, penelitian melibatkan 100 responden yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling, dan data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, serta dianalisis menggunakan metode Partial Least Square (SmartPLS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa media sosial dan CRM secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap brand awareness dan repurchase intention. Selain itu, brand awareness terbukti menjadi mediator parsial yang signifikan dalam hubungan tersebut. Temuan ini menegaskan peran strategis media sosial dan CRM dalam membentuk loyalitas pelanggan melalui peningkatan brand awareness. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya integrasi strategi media sosial dan CRM yang lebih personal untuk mendorong pembelian ulang konsumen. Keterbatasan studi ini terletak pada konteks geografis tunggal dan pendekatan kuantitatif yang digunakan, sehingga penelitian lanjutan disarankan menggunakan metode campuran dan memperluas lokasi penelitian. Kata kunci: Brand Awareness, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Media Sosial, Otomotif, Repurchase Intention.   

Abstract: The primary energy used in the production process of PT. PAMIN is electrical energy and thermal energy. Electrical energy is supplied by PT. PLN (Persero) with a contracted power of 5540 kVA, and has 5 transformer units with a capacity of 2500 kVA (1 unit), 2,000 kVA (2 units), and 1,250 kVA (2 units). From the analysis of several potential energy savings on the supply side of the electrical system, the following can be noted: Unbalanced loads can result in a decrease in system efficiency by 2%. Optimization of the performance of the capacitor bank regulator so that the work factor reaches the optimum value (0.9). Transformer replacement is carried out according to optimal loading and maximum efficiency from 9000 kVA to 6660 kVA. This replacement will reduce losses to zero load which is usually 3%. Keyword: Electrical Energy, Transformer, Power Factor Abstrak: Energi primer yang digunakan dalam proses produksi PT. PAMIN adalah energi listrik dan energi termal. Energi listrik dipasok oleh PT. PLN (Persero) dengan daya kontrak 5540 kVA, dan memiliki 5unit transformator dengan kapasitas 2500 kVA (1 unit), 2.000 kVA (2 unit), dan 1.250 kVA (2 unit). Dari analisis beberapa potensi penghematan energi sisi suplai sistem kelistrikan dapat dicatat sebagai berikut: Beban yang tidak seimbang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan efisiensi sistem sebesar 2%. Optimalisasi kinerja regulator bank kapasitor sehingga faktor kerja mencapai nilai optimum (0,9). Penggantian transformator dilakukan sesuai dengan pembebanan optimal dan efisiensi maksimum dari 9000 kVA menjadi 6660 kVA. Penggantian ini akan mengurangi rugi-rugi hingga beban nol yang biasanya sebesar 3%. Kata kunci: Energi Listrik, Transformator, Faktor Daya 

Abstract: This research, entitled "Design and Construction of Hydrogen Gas Production Process Through Water Electrolysis Based on Internet of Things (IoT)", aims to design a hydrogen production system and IoT-based remote monitoring. The electrolysis process is carried out using stainless steel electrodes with KOH electrolyte solution and is powered by a DC power supply. The system is equipped with an MQ-8 sensor to detect hydrogen gas concentration and a K-type thermocouple temperature sensor with a MAX6675 module to monitor the solution temperature. Sensor data is processed by an ESP32 microcontroller, displayed via LCD, and sent to the Blynk application for real-time monitoring. Test results show that the increase in voltage and current is directly proportional to the increase in temperature and the concentration of hydrogen gas produced. At a voltage of 31 V with a current of around 0.48 A, hydrogen gas production of 293 ppm with a temperature of 31.8 °C was obtained. The designed system is proven to be able to produce hydrogen gas through water electrolysis, while providing effective, efficient, and remotely accessible IoT-based monitoring. Keyword: Water Electrolysis, Hydrogen Gas, MQ-8 Sensor, K-Type Thermocouple, ESP32, Internet of Things (IoT) Abstrak: Penelitian ini berjudul “Rancang Bangun Proses Produksi Gas Hidrogen Melalui Elektrolisis Air Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)” yang bertujuan merancang sistem produksi hidrogen sekaligus monitoring jarak jauh berbasis IoT. Proses elektrolisis dilakukan menggunakan elektroda stainless steel dengan larutan elektrolit KOH dan diberi suplai daya dari power supply DC. Sistem dilengkapi sensor MQ-8 untuk mendeteksi konsentrasi gas hidrogen dan sensor suhu termokopel tipe-K dengan modul MAX6675 untuk memantau temperatur larutan. Data sensor diolah oleh mikrokontroler ESP32, ditampilkan melalui LCD, dan dikirim ke aplikasi Blynk agar dapat dimonitor secara real-time. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tegangan dan arus berbanding lurus dengan kenaikan suhu serta konsentrasi gas hidrogen yang dihasilkan. Pada tegangan 31 V dengan arus sekitar 0,48 A, diperoleh produksi gas hidrogen sebesar 293 ppm dengan suhu 31,8 °C. Sistem yang dirancang terbukti mampu memproduksi gas hidrogen melalui elektrolisis air, sekaligus menyediakan pemantauan berbasis IoT yang efektif, efisien, dan dapat diakses jarak jauh. Kata kunci: Elektrolisis Air, Gas Hidrogen, Sensor MQ-8, Termokopel Tipe-K, ESP32, Internet of Things (IoT) 

Abstract: Hydrogen was chosen as an environmentally friendly alternative energy obtained through the water electrolysis process. In addition to being environmentally friendly, hydrogen also has a high level of electrical energy efficiency. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of electrical energy sources and frequency on the efficiency of a water electrolysis-based hydrogen reactor and to determine the use of energy sources in a hydrogen reactor as an optimal hydrogen producer. The water electrolysis process is influenced by factors such as voltage, current, power, and frequency given to the reactor. Tests were carried out with variations in voltage of 20V, 22V, 24V, 26V, 28V and 30V and frequencies of 23.69kHz, 24.87kHz, 25.64kHz, 26.31kHz, 26.73kHz. The parameters observed include voltage, current, power, H2 gas yield in ppm, temperature, and hydrogen production efficiency in %. The results of the study showed that the effect of using a frequency source was able to achieve a higher efficiency of 41% with an average current of 0.29A, an average power of 7.12 watts, with an average temperature of 30.150C, while the use of a Power Supply Amplifier (PSA) electrical energy source only produced an efficiency of 25%, with an average current of 0.38A, an average power of 9.81 watts, and an average temperature of 28.50C. The optimal value at the highest efficiency was obtained at an optimal frequency of 23.69 kHz with a temperature of 29.00C, a current of 0.20A, a power of 4.8 watts, and an efficiency of 51.57%. Keyword: Electrolysis, Hydrogen, Frequency, Power Supply, Efficiency Abstrak: Hidrogen dipilih sebagai energi alternatif ramah lingkungan yang diperoleh melalui proses elektrolisis air. Selain ramah lingkungan, hidrogen juga memiliki tingkat efisiensi energi listrik yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan sumber energi listrik dan frekuensi terhadap efisiensi reaktor hidrogen berbasis elektrolisis air dan untuk mengetahui penggunaan sumber energi pada reaktor hidrogen sebagai penghasil hidrogen yang optimal. Proses elektrolisis air dipengaruhi oleh faktor tegangan, arus, daya, serta frekuensi yang diberikan pada reaktor. Pengujian dilakukan dengan variasi tegangan 20V, 22V, 24V, 26V, 28V dan 30 V dan frekuensi pada 23,69kHz, 24,87kHz, 25,64kHz, 26,31kHz, 26,73kHz. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tegangan, arus, daya, hasil gas H2 dalam ppm, suhu, serta efisiensi produksi hidrogen dalam satuan %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh penggunaan sumber  frekuensi mampu mencapai efisiensi lebih tinggi yaitu sebesan 41% dengan arus rata-rata 0,29A, daya rata-rata 7,12watt, dengan suhu rata-rata 30,150C, Sedangkan pada penggunaan sumber energi listrik Power Supply Amplifier (PSA) hanya menghasilkan efisinesi sebesar 25%, dengan arus rata-rata 0,38A, daya rata-rata 9,81 watt, dan suhu rata-rata 28,50C. Nilai optimal pada efisiensi tertinggi diperoleh pada frekuensi optimal 23,69 kHz dengan suhu 29,00C, arus 0,20A, daya 4,8 watt, dan efisiensi 51,57%. Kata kunci: Elektrolisis, Hidrogen, Frekuensi, Power Supply, Efisiensi     

A comparison between Islamic educational practices and the emergence of multicultural principles during three major phases of Islamic civilization: the era of the Prophet Muhammad, the period of the Companions, and the Islamic Golden Age. Using a qualitative-historical approach, this study analyzes classical Islamic texts, historical sources, and contemporary academic works. Findings reveal that Islamic education has been inherently multicultural, emphasizing tolerance, justice, equality, pluralism, and intellectual openness. During the Prophet’s time, multicultural values were implemented through the teaching of Qur’anic ethics and the Charter of Medina. The Companions institutionalized these values through governance and public education. Meanwhile, the Islamic Golden Age demonstrated the highest multicultural expression through knowledge translation, cross-cultural academic collaboration, and institutional learning spaces such as Bayt al-Hikmah. This research concludes that Islamic education historically practiced multicultural frameworks long before the formation of modern multicultural educational theories.

Abstract: This research aims to analyze the production costs and income of dragon fruit farming in Nagari Aripan, X Koto Singkarak District, Solok Regency. The research method used was descriptive quantitative with a sample of 21 farmers determined using Slovin’s formula at a 15% margin of error. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation, and then analyzed using calculations of production costs, revenue, and income. The results showed that the average fixed cost was Rp. 844,963 per year, the variable cost was Rp. 10.535.37 per year, resulting in a total cost of Rp. . 224.708.450 per year. The average revenue of dragon fruit farmers was Rp. 30,780,952 per year with a net income of Rp 19.400.552 per year, which accounted for 63,3% of the revenue. These findings indicate that dragon fruit farming in Nagari Aripan is highly profitable and feasible to be further develop. Keywords: Dragon fruit, production cost, income, farming Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya produksi dan pendapatan usahatani buah naga di Nagari Aripan, Kecamatan X Koto Singkarak, Kabupaten Solok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 21 orang petani yang ditentukan menggunakan rumus Slovin pada tingkat kesalahan 15%. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata biaya tetap sebesar Rp 844.963 per tahun, biaya variabel Rp. 10.535.37 per tahun, sehingga total biaya mencapai Rp. 224.708.450 per tahun. Rata-rata penerimaan petani buah naga sebesar Rp 30.780.952 per tahun dengan pendapatan bersih Rp. 19.400.552 per tahun atau 63,3% dari penerimaan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa usahatani buah naga di Nagari Aripan memberikan keuntungan yang cukup tinggi dan layak untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Kata Kunci: Buah naga; biaya produksi; pendapatan; usahatani