Portal Jurnal Ilmiah
Goretan Pena

Abstract: Plant tissue culture is a foundational plant biotechnology approach with applications in micropropagation, clean planting material production, germplasm conservation, and biotechnology-based agribusiness. This article reports a bibliometric analysis of plant tissue culture and micropropagation literature connected with economic, commercialization, and bioeconomy-related terms. The Scopus search identified 1,048 records. Sequential eligibility screening excluded 414 non-article document types, 58 non-English records, and 23 non-journal source records, resulting in 553 English-language journal articles for analysis. The corpus covered 1973–2026, with publication output peaking at 71 documents in 2025; the 2026 count of 25 was partial at the time of export. Plant Disease was the leading source with 33 documents. China (119), India (77), the United States (57), Brazil (42), and Iran (22) were the most productive countries. Garibaldi, A. and Gullino, M. L. each contributed five documents, while the National Natural Science Foundation of China supported 38 documents. Author keyword analysis confirmed that micropropagation, plant tissue culture, tissue culture, medicinal plant, somatic embryogenesis, plant growth regulators, and somaclonal variation were the dominant concepts. The findings show growing research activity but also demonstrate that the broad Scopus query retrieves a field-level corpus extending beyond narrowly defined tissue-culture and bioeconomy studies. However, explicit bioeconomy, green economy, and agribusiness terminology remained rare, indicating that the economic contribution of plant tissue culture is more often framed through commercialization, economic value, propagation efficiency, and crop-specific applications than through bioeconomy policy language. The study suggests that future research should integrate plant tissue culture protocols with cost analysis, value-chain studies, certification systems, nursery economics, and farmer adoption research. Keywords: plant tissue culture; micropropagation; bibliometric analysis; bioeconomy; commercialization; sustainable agriculture; Scopus   Abstrak: Kultur jaringan tanaman merupakan pendekatan bioteknologi tanaman yang fundamental dengan penerapan dalam mikropropagasi, produksi bahan tanam bersih, konservasi plasma nutfah, dan agribisnis berbasis bioteknologi. Artikel ini melaporkan analisis bibliometrik terhadap literatur kultur jaringan tanaman dan mikropropagasi yang berkaitan dengan istilah-istilah ekonomi, komersialisasi, dan bioekonomi. Pencarian di Scopus mengidentifikasi 1.048 rekaman. Penyaringan kelayakan secara bertahap mengecualikan 414 dokumen yang bukan artikel, 58 rekaman yang bukan berbahasa Inggris, dan 23 rekaman yang bukan berasal dari jurnal, sehingga menghasilkan 553 artikel jurnal berbahasa Inggris untuk dianalisis. Korpus data mencakup rentang waktu 1973–2026, dengan jumlah publikasi mencapai puncaknya sebanyak 71 dokumen pada tahun 2025; jumlah 25 dokumen pada tahun 2026 merupakan data parsial pada saat ekspor data dilakukan. *Plant Disease* merupakan sumber publikasi utama dengan 33 dokumen. Tiongkok (119), India (77), Amerika Serikat (57), Brasil (42), dan Iran (22) adalah negara-negara paling produktif. Garibaldi, A. dan Gullino, M. L. masing-masing berkontribusi lima dokumen, sementara *National Natural Science Foundation of China* mendukung 38 dokumen. Analisis kata kunci penulis mengonfirmasi bahwa mikropropagasi, kultur jaringan tanaman, kultur jaringan, tanaman obat, embriogenesis somatik, zat pengatur tumbuh tanaman, dan variasi somaklonal merupakan konsep-konsep yang dominan. Temuan ini menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas penelitian, namun juga memperlihatkan bahwa kueri Scopus yang luas menghasilkan korpus tingkat bidang yang melampaui batasan studi kultur jaringan dan bioekonomi yang sempit. Akan tetapi, penggunaan istilah eksplisit terkait bioekonomi, ekonomi hijau, dan agribisnis masih jarang ditemukan; hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kontribusi ekonomi kultur jaringan tanaman lebih sering dibahas melalui aspek komersialisasi, nilai ekonomi, efisiensi propagasi, dan penerapan spesifik tanaman dibandingkan melalui bahasa kebijakan bioekonomi. Studi ini menyarankan agar penelitian di masa mendatang mengintegrasikan protokol kultur jaringan tanaman dengan analisis biaya, studi rantai nilai, sistem sertifikasi, ekonomi pembibitan, dan penelitian mengenai adopsi oleh petani. Kata kunci: kultur jaringan tanaman; mikropropagasi; analisis bibliometrik; bioekonomi; komersialisasi; pertanian berkelanjutan; Scopus

Abstract: This study investigates the influence of social media marketing on gamification and the willingness to pay premiums, specifically within the context of "Ojol the Game Premium." The research aims to explore how social media marketing strategies affect user engagement and the factors that drive users to pay for premium features. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) 4.0 to analyze the data collected from a targeted sample of users. The findings indicate that effective social media marketing significantly enhances user participation through gamification, which in turn increases the willingness to pay premiums. This study also sheds light on the essential role of targeted marketing efforts in influencing user behavior. The implications of this study are valuable for researchers and practitioners in understanding the dynamics of social media marketing, gamification, and premium pricing strategies. Future research could expand the scope by considering other variables or broader populations. Keywords: Social Media Marketing; Gamification; Premium Pricing; Generation Z and Y; Online Games.   Abstrak: Studi ini menyelidiki pengaruh pemasaran media sosial terhadap gamifikasi dan kesediaan membayar fitur premium, khususnya dalam konteks "Ojol the Game Premium". Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana strategi pemasaran media sosial mempengaruhi keterlibatan pengguna dan faktor-faktor yang mendorong pengguna untuk membayar fitur premium. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan, dengan memanfaatkan pemodelan persamaan kuadrat terkecil parsial (PLS-SEM) 4.0 untuk menganalisis data yang dikumpulkan dari sampel pengguna yang ditargetkan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pemasaran media sosial yang efektif secara signifikan meningkatkan partisipasi pengguna melalui gamifikasi, yang pada pasangannya meningkatkan kesediaan membayar fitur premium. Studi ini juga menjelaskan peran penting upaya pemasaran yang diharapkan dalam mempengaruhi perilaku pengguna. Implikasi dari studi ini berharga bagi peneliti dan praktisi dalam memahami dinamika pemasaran media sosial, gamifikasi, dan strategi penetapan harga premium. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat memperluas cakupannya dengan mempertimbangkan variabel lain atau populasi yang lebih luas. Kata kunci: Pemasaran Media Sosial; Gamifikasi; Penetapan Harga Premium; Generasi Z dan Y; Permainan Online.

Abstract: Multilevel regression analysis is a regression analysis that assumes there is data that has a hierarchical structure with one response variable measured at the lowest level and predictor variables at various levels. The simplest multilevel linear regression model consists of 2 hierarchical levels, where level 1 is the lowest level data, and level 2 is the data that has a higher level. The Human Development Inde HDI is one indicator that can be used to measure the success of a particular country or region in efforts to improve the quality of life of its population. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the HDI in East Java, Central Java, and West Java. The data used in this study are the HDI, per capita expenditure adjusted at the district or city level categorized at level 1, while the growth rate of Gross Regional Domestic Product GRDP at the provincial level categorized at level 2. The results of the multilevel linear regression analysis indicate that the variables of per capita expenditure and GRDP growth rate significantly influence the HDI in East Java, Central Java, and West Java. Keywords: GDRP, HDI, MCMC, Multilevel Regression, Per Capita Expenditure, Slice Sampling.   Abstrak: Analisis regresi multilevel adalah analisis regresi yang mengasumsikan adanya data dengan struktur hierarkis, di mana satu variabel respons diukur pada tingkat terendah dan variabel prediktor berada pada berbagai tingkat. Model regresi linear multilevel yang paling sederhana terdiri dari dua tingkat hierarkis: tingkat 1 merupakan data pada tingkat terendah, sedangkan tingkat 2 merupakan data pada tingkat yang lebih tinggi. Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) merupakan salah satu indikator yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keberhasilan suatu negara atau wilayah dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas hidup penduduknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi IPM di Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi IPM serta pengeluaran per kapita yang disesuaikan pada tingkat kabupaten/kota (dikategorikan sebagai tingkat 1), sedangkan laju pertumbuhan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) pada tingkat provinsi dikategorikan sebagai tingkat 2. Hasil analisis regresi linear multilevel menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengeluaran per kapita dan laju pertumbuhan PDRB berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IPM di Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Barat. Kata kunci: GDPR, HDI, MCMC, Regresi Multilevel, Pengeluaran Per Kapita, Pengambilan Sampel Irisan.

Abstract: Digital transformation has encouraged retail companies to leverage information technology and data analytics to improve operational efficiency and the quality of decision-making. The utilization of technology and data analytics enables companies to automate business processes, enhance analytical accuracy, and manage customer data more effectively. This study aims to implement the Naive Bayes algorithm to determine customer discount categories based on purchasing behavior in retail stores as a form of data-driven decision-making that supports digital transformation. The dataset used in this research is the Marketing Campaign Dataset, which consists of the attributes Income, Recency, NumDealsPurchases, NumWebPurchases, NumStorePurchases, and Response. The research stages include data collection, preprocessing, data transformation, classification model development using the Naive Bayes algorithm, and model evaluation using the Confusion Matrix, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score. The results show that the Naive Bayes model achieved an accuracy of 70% in classifying customers into low, medium, and high discount categories based on their purchasing behavior patterns. The implementation of this model enables retail companies to provide discount category recommendations more quickly, accurately, and consistently. In addition to improving the effectiveness of promotional strategies, this study demonstrates that the application of machine learning-based data analytics can support digital transformation through faster, more accurate, and data-driven decision-making, thereby helping retail companies improve service quality and business process effectiveness. Keywords: Naive Bayes; Digital Transformation; Customer Discount Categories; Purchasing Behavior; Retail Store.   Abstrak: Transformasi digital telah mendorong perusahaan retail untuk memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan analisis data dalam meningkatkan efisiensi operasional serta kualitas pengambilan keputusan. Pemanfaatan teknologi dan analitik data memungkinkan perusahaan mengotomatisasi proses bisnis, meningkatkan akurasi analisis, serta memanfaatkan data pelanggan secara lebih efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan algoritma Naive Bayes dalam menentukan kategori diskon pelanggan berdasarkan perilaku pembelian pada toko retail sebagai salah satu bentuk pengambilan keputusan berbasis data yang mendukung transformasi digital. Dataset yang digunakan adalah Marketing Campaign Dataset yang terdiri dari atribut Income, Recency, NumDealsPurchases, NumWebPurchases, NumStorePurchases, dan Response. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data, preprocessing, transformasi data, pembentukan model klasifikasi menggunakan algoritma Naive Bayes, serta evaluasi menggunakan Confusion Matrix, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, dan F1-Score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model Naive Bayes memperoleh akurasi sebesar 70% dalam mengklasifikasikan pelanggan ke dalam kategori diskon rendah, sedang, dan tinggi berdasarkan pola perilaku pembelian. Implementasi model ini mampu membantu perusahaan retail dalam memberikan rekomendasi kategori diskon secara lebih cepat, tepat, dan konsisten. Selain meningkatkan efektivitas strategi promosi, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan analitik data berbasis machine learning dapat mendukung transformasi digital melalui pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat, akurat, dan berbasis data sehingga membantu perusahaan retail meningkatkan kualitas layanan serta efektivitas proses bisnis. Kata kunci: Naive Bayes; Transformasi Digital; Kategori Diskon Pelanggan; Perilaku Pembelian; Toko Retail.

Krisis iklim global menuntut transformasi peran institusi agama dari sekadar otoritas penjaga moral-ritual menjadi agen pelestarian bumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pergeseran paradigma ekoteologi (Green Islam) dalam korpus khutbah Jumat dan publikasi resmi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) serta Muhammadiyah pada periode 2024–2026. Menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan analisis framing Robert Entman, penelitian ini mengungkap tiga temuan fundamental. Pertama, terjadi pergeseran epistemik yang radikal dari teodise konvensional-fatalistik (membingkai bencana murni sebagai azab atas dosa ritual) menuju kritik struktural (membingkai bencana sebagai akibat kejahatan eksploitasi alam dan kelalaian kebijakan negara). Kedua, terjadinya dekonstruksi semantik teologis; NU secara progresif merekonseptualisasi istilah klasik “Maksiat” menjadi “Maksiat Eksploitasi” dan “Tobat” menjadi “Tobat Ekologis” menggunakan legitimasi kitab kuning. Ketiga, terbentuknya polarisasi strategi gerakan yang komplementer. NU mengambil peran makro-teologis melalui sentralisasi hukum publik di ruang mimbar maskulin, sementara Muhammadiyah bermanuver secara mikro-kultural melalui pendekatan ekofeminisme yang menyasar ruang domestik dan gaya hidup (Green Idul Fitri). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Islam Indonesia tidak sekadar mengadopsi enviromentalisme sekuler Barat, melainkan berhasil merumuskan epistemologi ekologinya sendiri yang otentik dan bersinergi melalui teks suci dan tradisi lokal.

The ability to write scientific papers is one of the academic competencies that students must possess to support research activities, the preparation of final assignments, and scientific publications. However, many students still experience difficulties in writing scientific papers that meet academic standards and are worthy of publication. The lack of understanding of the structure of scientific articles, citation techniques, the use of reference management applications, and the journal publication process are factors that influence the low productivity of student publications. Therefore, this Community Service (PKM) activity was carried out in the form of Scientific Paper Writing Training to increase the publication productivity of students at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Asahan University. The purpose of this activity is to improve students' knowledge, skills, and motivation in writing and publishing scientific papers in national and international journals. The methods used include lectures, discussions, demonstrations, workshops, scientific article writing practice, and mentoring in using the Mendeley application as a reference management tool. The activity was attended by FKIP students at Asahan University from various study programs. The training activity was held on December 8, 2025, in the FKIP classroom at Asahan University. This activity has proven effective in improving academic writing competency and student publication productivity. 

This community service program aimed to improve the digital literacy skills of Universitas Asahan students through the use of Feliz as an interactive learning media. The activity responded to students’ difficulties in evaluating digital information, using digital tools, understanding digital ethics, and creating digital content. The program used a training method supported by material presentation, media demonstration, direct practice, mentoring, and evaluation. The participants were 50 students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Asahan. Data were collected through observation, pretest, and posttest, then analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis. The results showed an increase in all dimensions of digital literacy. Information evaluation increased by 33.5%, digital tools usage increased by 36%, digital ethics and security increased by 51%, and content creation increased by 67%. The average student understanding also increased from 51.5% to 85%. These results indicate that Feliz effectively supports interactive, practical, and engaging learning. Therefore, Feliz can be used as a digital learning media to strengthen students’ digital literacy in higher education.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the influence of content marketing and electronic word of mouth on purchase decisions through TikTok among students of the 2023 cohort of the Bachelor of Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Sisingamangaraja XII Tapanuli. This research employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-causal design. The entire population of 76 students was used as the sample through a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 26. The results show that content marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions, with a t-value of 4.870 and a significance level of 0.000. Electronic word of mouth also has a positive and significant effect, with a t-value of 6.186 and a significance level of 0.000. Simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on purchase decisions, with an F-value of 47.498 and a significance level of 0.000. The coefficient of determination of 0.565 indicates that 56.5% of the variation in purchase decisions is explained by content marketing and electronic word of mouth, while the remaining 43.5% is influenced by other factors. These findings confirm the importance of relevant content strategies and credible user reviews in encouraging student purchase decisions through TikTok. Keywords: content marketing; electronic word of mouth; purchase decision; TikTok; students; digital marketing.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh content marketing dan electronic word of mouth terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui TikTok pada mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sisingamangaraja XII Tapanuli angkatan 2023. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif-kausalitas. Seluruh populasi sebanyak 76 mahasiswa dijadikan sampel melalui teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert dan dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa content marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian dengan nilai t-hitung 4,870 dan signifikansi 0,000. Electronic word of mouth juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan nilai t-hitung 6,186 dan signifikansi 0,000. Secara simultan, kedua variabel berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian dengan nilai F-hitung 47,498 dan signifikansi 0,000. Nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,565 menunjukkan bahwa 56,5% variasi keputusan pembelian dijelaskan oleh content marketing dan electronic word of mouth, sedangkan 43,5% dipengaruhi faktor lain. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya strategi konten yang relevan dan ulasan pengguna yang kredibel dalam mendorong keputusan pembelian mahasiswa melalui TikTok. Kata Kunci: content marketing, electronic word of mouth, keputusan pembelian, TikTok, mahasiswa, pemasaran digital.

The development of digital technology encourages innovation in learning media that is more interactive and easier for students to understand. One technology that can be used is Augmented Reality or AR, which combines three-dimensional virtual objects with the real environment in real time. This study aimed to design and implement an Augmented Reality-based learning media for introducing human body organs. The development method used was the Luther-Sutopo version of the Multimedia Development Life Cycle or MDLC, consisting of concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution stages. The object used in this study was a three-dimensional model of human anatomy equipped with annotations on several organs, such as the liver, heart, and gut. The implementation results showed that AR media could display human anatomy objects virtually through marker scanning using a mobile device. This media allowed users to observe the shape, position, and parts of human organs more clearly and interactively. Therefore, Augmented Reality-based learning media can be an innovative alternative to help improve students’ understanding and learning interest in human body organ materials.

Abstract: The development of transformer architecture has brought significant changes in Natural Language Processing (NLP) research, particularly in semantic parsing tasks. This study aims to analyze the development of transformer-based semantic parsing through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The research method uses the PRISMA guidelines with a process of identification, selection, and analysis of articles from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, Springer, and Google Scholar databases for the period 2019–2026. The results of the study show that transformer models such as BERT, T5, GPT, and transformer encoder–decoder have become the dominant approaches in modern semantic parsing because they are able to improve contextual understanding, semantic representation, and reasoning more effectively than previous methods. The most widely used datasets include Spider, WikiSQL, GeoQuery, ATIS, and Overnight, with the main evaluation being Execution Accuracy and Exact Match Accuracy. This study also identifies various challenges, such as limited labeled data, high computational costs, low model interpretability, the risk of hallucinations, and limitations in low-resource languages. This research contributes to a literature review, identifying research gaps, and recommending future research directions for transformer-based semantic parsing. Keywords: BERT, Natural Language Processing, Semantic Parsing, Systematic Literature Review, Transformer, T5, Text-to-SQL.   Abstrak: Perkembangan arsitektur transformer telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam penelitian Natural Language Processing (NLP), khususnya pada tugas semantic parsing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan semantic parsing berbasis transformer melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Metode penelitian menggunakan pedoman PRISMA dengan proses identifikasi, seleksi, dan analisis artikel dari database Scopus, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, Springer, dan Google Scholar pada periode 2019–2026. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa model transformer seperti BERT, T5, GPT, dan encoder–decoder transformer menjadi pendekatan dominan dalam semantic parsing modern karena mampu meningkatkan contextual understanding, semantic representation, dan reasoning secara lebih efektif dibandingkan metode sebelumnya. Dataset yang paling banyak digunakan meliputi Spider, WikiSQL, GeoQuery, ATIS, dan Overnight, dengan metrik evaluasi utama berupa Execution Accuracy dan Exact Match Accuracy. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan, seperti keterbatasan data berlabel, tingginya biaya komputasi, rendahnya interpretabilitas model, risiko hallucination, serta keterbatasan pada low-resource language. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memberikan pemetaan literatur, identifikasi research gap, dan rekomendasi arah penelitian semantic parsing berbasis transformer pada masa mendatang. Kata Kunci: BERT, Natural Language Processing, Semantic Parsing, Systematic Literature Review, Transformer, T5, Text-to-SQL.

Abstract: The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has driven the widespread adoption of Machine Learning (ML) across various sectors. This study aims to analyze the development trends, implementation sectors, dominant algorithms, key challenges, and future research directions of ML during the 2020–2026 period. Utilizing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on PRISMA 2020 and Kitchenham Guidelines, 120 peer-reviewed articles from six international academic databases were systematically evaluated. The findings indicate a significant increase in ML publications post-Generative AI era, with the highest adoption rates observed in the healthcare, finance, and manufacturing sectors. Algorithms such as Random Forest, XGBoost, CNN, and LSTM dominate for prediction and classification tasks. Despite its benefits, the primary challenges of ML deployment involve data quality, privacy, algorithmic bias, and model interpretability. This study highlights a shifting research paradigm toward transparent and human-centered AI, outlining future agendas in Explainable AI (XAI), Federated Learning, and Green AI. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Explainable AI; Federated Learning; Generative AI; Machine Learning.   Abstrak: Perkembangan Artificial Intelligence (AI) mendorong pemanfaatan Machine Learning (ML) secara luas di berbagai sektor lintas disiplin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren perkembangan, sektor implementasi, algoritma dominan, tantangan utama, serta arah penelitian masa depan terkait pemanfaatan ML selama periode 2020–2026. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis pedoman PRISMA 2020 dan Kitchenham Guidelines terhadap 120 artikel ilmiah terpilih dari enam database akademik internasional. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan publikasi ML pasca-era Generative AI, dengan adopsi tertinggi pada sektor kesehatan, keuangan, dan manufaktur. Algoritma berbasis data tabular (seperti Random Forest dan XGBoost) serta data citra/deret waktu (seperti CNN dan LSTM) menjadi yang paling dominan digunakan untuk kebutuhan prediksi dan klasifikasi. Meskipun menawarkan efisiensi tinggi, tantangan utama implementasi ML berpusat pada kualitas data, privasi, bias algoritma, dan interpretabilitas model. Penelitian ini merumuskan agenda riset masa depan yang mulai bergeser ke arah pengembangan AI yang transparan dan berpusat pada manusia, seperti Explainable AI (XAI), Federated Learning, dan Green AI. Kata Kunci: Artificial Intelligence; Explainable AI; Federated Learning; Generative AI; Machine Learning.

Abstract: The protection of witnesses and victims had constituted a fundamental element in the administration of a fair criminal justice system. Nevertheless, its implementation in Indonesia had encountered various normative and institutional shortcomings that impeded the effective fulfillment of victims' rights. This study aimed to examine the urgency of legal reform in witness and victim protection in order to promote a criminal justice system grounded in substantive justice and victim-oriented principles. The study employed a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches through the analysis of legislation, legal doctrines, and relevant scholarly literature. The findings indicate that strengthening legal substance, enhancing institutional effectiveness, and developing comprehensive mechanisms for protection and recovery are essential to ensure effective access to justice and the restoration of victims' rights. Therefore, legal reform in witness and victim protection constitutes a strategic prerequisite for establishing a more responsive, equitable, and victim-oriented criminal justice system. Keywords: Legal Reform; Witness and Victim Protection; Substantive Justice; Criminal Justice System; Victims' Rights.   Abstrak: Perlindungan saksi dan korban merupakan elemen fundamental dalam penyelenggaraan sistem peradilan pidana yang berkeadilan, namun implementasinya di Indonesia masih menghadapi berbagai kelemahan normatif dan kelembagaan yang berdampak pada belum optimalnya pemenuhan hak-hak korban. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis urgensi reformasi hukum perlindungan saksi dan korban dalam mewujudkan sistem peradilan pidana yang berorientasi pada keadilan substantif dan pemulihan hak korban. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual melalui kajian terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, dan literatur yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reformasi hukum diperlukan melalui penguatan substansi hukum, optimalisasi peran kelembagaan, serta pengembangan mekanisme perlindungan dan pemulihan yang komprehensif. Dengan demikian, reformasi hukum perlindungan saksi dan korban merupakan prasyarat strategis dalam membangun sistem peradilan pidana yang lebih responsif, berkeadilan, dan berorientasi pada pemenuhan hak-hak korban. Kata kunci: Reformasi Hukum; Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban; Keadilan Substantif; Sistem Peradilan Pidana; Hak Korban

Abstract: Burn wounds are tissue damage caused by exposure to high heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation, requiring appropriate treatment to prevent nfection and accelerate tissue regeneration. Passiflora foetida L. leaves contain bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, which possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making them a potential agent for burn wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol extract gel of P. foetida leaves n burn wound healing n male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) and to determine the most optimal concentration. A true experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) was applied, nvolving five treatment groups: negative control, positive control, and P. foetida leaf extract gel at various concentrations, n 5%,10% and 15% concentration. Observed parameters ncluded wound diameter reduction and the percentage wound reduction. The results showed that the ethanol extract gel of P. foetida leaves significantly promoted burn wound healing (p < 0.05) compared to the negative control. A 15% concentration demonstrated the highest effectiveness n accelerating wound closure and mproving tissue condition. n conclusion, P. foetida leaves can be formulated nto effective gel preparation for burn wound treatment. Keywords: Passiflora foetida L., gel, burn wound, diameter reduction and percentage wound healing and reduction, male white rats Abstrak: Luka bakar merupakan kerusakan jaringan kulit akibat paparan panas tinggi, bahan kimia, listrik, atau radiasi, yang memerlukan penanganan tepat untuk mencegah nfeksi dan mempercepat regenerasi jaringan. Daun rambusa (Passiflora foetida L.) diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang berkhasiat sebagai antiinflamasi, antimikroba, dan antioksidan sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan penyembuhan luka bakar. Penelitian ni bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas gel ekstrak etanol daun rambusa terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar pada tikus putih jantan (Rattus novergicus) serta menentukan konsentrasi yang paling optimal. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental murni dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) menggunakan lima kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, serta gel ekstrak daun rambusa dengan beberapa konsentrasi yaitu pada konsentrasi 5%,10% dan 15%. Parameter yang diamati meliputi diameter penurunan luka bakar dan persentase penyembuhan luka bakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gel ekstrak etanol daun rambusa memberikan aktivitas penyembuhan luka bakar yang signifikan (p < 0,05) dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Konsentrasi 15% diketahui menunjukkan efektivitas tertinggi dalam mempercepat penutupan luka dan memperbaiki kondisi jaringan. Kesimpulannya, daun rambusa dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan gel yang efektif sebagai agen penyembuh luka bakar. Kata kunci: Passiflora foetida L., gel, luka bakar, diameter dan persentase penyembuhan luka, tikus putih jantan

Abstract: Ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulate) are a plant that has many benefits to society, one of which is anti-inflammatory. Inflammation is a process in the body to respond to infection or tissue damage. This research aims to test the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of ciplukan leaf extract. Ciplukan leaves contain flavonoids and tannins which are effective in inhibiting the cyclooxygenase pathway which can inhibit inflammation. The results showed that the percentage inhibition results of the sodium diclofenac gel group had a percentage of 93.11%, the 20% ciplukan leaf ethanol extract gel group had a percentage of 79.85%, the 25% ciplukan leaf ethanol extract gel group had a percentage of 81.36%, and the 30% ciplukan leaf ethanol extract gel group had a percentage of 89.95%. These results indicate that the method applied provides accurate and precise results. The results of the study can be concluded that from the three formulations of ciplukan leaf ethanol extract gels that have the highest percentage results are in the 30% ciplukan leaf ethanol extract formulation. Keywords: anti-inflammatory, gel, ground cherry leaves   Abstrak: Daun ciplukan (Physalis angulate) merupakan tanamannyang memiliki banyaknmanfaat pada masyarakat, salah satunya sebagai antiinflamasi. Inflamasi merupakan proses dalam tubuh untuk merespon infeksi atau kerusakan jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antiinflamasi ekstrak daun ciplukan. Daun ciplukan mengandung flavonoid dan tannin yang berkhasiat untuk menghambat jalur sikloogsigenase yang dapat menghambat inflamasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada hasil persentase inhibsi kelompok gel natrium diklofenak memiliki persentase 93,11%, kelompok gel ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan 20% memiliki persentase 79,85%, kelompok gel ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan 25% memiliki persentase 81,36%, dan pada kelompok gel ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan 30% memiliki persentase 89,95%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa metode yang dilakukkan memberikkan hasil yang akurat dan teliti. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari ketiga formulasi gel ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan yang memiliki hasil persentase paling tertinggi terdapat pada formulasi ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan 30%. Kata Kunci: antiinflamasi, gel, daun ciplukan

Abstract: Money laundering is a crime that can exploit various financial service sectors—including the insurance industry—as a means to disguise the origins of assets derived from criminal activity. The increasing complexity of insurance products and services heightens the risk of the sector being used as a vehicle for money laundering. This study aims to analyze efforts to prevent and detect money laundering within the insurance business, specifically focusing on Court Decision Number 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN, which involved a former agent of PT BNI Life Insurance Medan. The study employs a normative legal research method utilizing a statutory approach, supplemented by empirical data obtained through interviews. A descriptive-qualitative analysis was conducted on the relevant legislation, legal literature, and the court decision serving as the study's subject. The findings indicate that criminal acts in the insurance sector can take the form of insurance fraud, fraudulent claims, premium embezzlement, policy document forgery, and money laundering. In the case under review, the defendant was proven to have forged documents and misappropriated client investment funds, subsequently using those funds in a manner that disguised their origins. PT BNI Life Insurance’s efforts to prevent and combat money laundering are implemented through the application of "Know Your Customer" (KYC) principles, Customer Due Diligence (CDD), continuous transaction monitoring, the reporting of suspicious financial transactions to the Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK), and the enhancement of human resource competence. Based on crime prevention theory, these measures are effective in narrowing the opportunities for money laundering and increasing the likelihood of criminal activity being detected. An analysis of the judicial decision reveals that the ruling upholds the principles of justice, legal certainty, and legal utility; however, from a restorative justice perspective, there remain shortcomings, as the restitution of the victim's losses has not been fully realized.  Keywords: Money Laundering, Insurance, Prevention and Detection, BNI Life Insurance, Judgment Number 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN. Abstrak: Tindak pidana pencucian uang (TPPU) merupakan kejahatan yang dapat memanfaatkan berbagai sektor jasa keuangan, termasuk industri perasuransian, sebagai sarana untuk menyamarkan asal-usul harta kekayaan yang diperoleh dari tindak pidana. Perkembangan produk dan layanan asuransi yang semakin kompleks meningkatkan potensi sektor ini menjadi media pencucian uang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya pencegahan dan deteksi tindak pidana pencucian uang dalam bisnis asuransi, khususnya berdasarkan Putusan Nomor 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN yang melibatkan mantan agen PT BNI Life Insurance Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) yang didukung data empiris melalui wawancara. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, serta putusan pengadilan yang menjadi objek penelitian.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindak pidana dalam sektor asuransi dapat berupa penipuan asuransi, penipuan klaim asuransi, penggelapan premi, pemalsuan dokumen polis, dan pencucian uang. Dalam perkara yang diteliti, terdakwa terbukti melakukan pemalsuan dokumen dan penyalahgunaan dana investasi nasabah yang kemudian digunakan untuk menyamarkan asal-usul dana tersebut. Upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan TPPU yang dilakukan oleh PT BNI Life Insurance diwujudkan melalui penerapan prinsip mengenali nasabah (Know Your Customer), Customer Due Diligence (CDD), pemantauan transaksi secara berkelanjutan, pelaporan transaksi keuangan mencurigakan kepada PPATK, serta peningkatan kompetensi sumber daya manusia. Berdasarkan teori pencegahan kejahatan, langkah-langkah tersebut efektif dalam mempersempit peluang terjadinya pencucian uang dan meningkatkan risiko terdeteksinya tindak pidana. Analisis terhadap putusan hakim menunjukkan bahwa putusan telah memenuhi prinsip keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan kemanfaatan hukum, meskipun dari perspektif keadilan restoratif masih terdapat kelemahan karena pemulihan kerugian korban belum sepenuhnya terpenuhi. Kata Kunci: Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang, Asuransi, Pencegahan dan Deteksi, BNI Life Insurance, Putusan Nomor 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN.

Abstract: Locally-Generated Revenue (PAD) serves as a crucial indicator for measuring regional fiscal independence. In North Sumatra Province, the Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) is a primary source of PAD, contributing dominantly to regional tax receipts. Following the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Financial Relations between the Central Government and Regional Governments (UU HKPD), a PKB *opsen* (additional tax levy/surcharge) policy was introduced to replace the Revenue-Sharing Fund (DBH) scheme, aiming to enhance the effectiveness of regional revenue collection and strengthen the fiscal independence of regency and city governments. This study aims to analyze PAD management through the PKB *opsen* in North Sumatra Province, examine the pre-existing PKB revenue-sharing allocation procedures, and project the impact of the PKB *opsen* policy implementation on regional revenue. The study employs a socio-legal (empirical-juridical) method, utilizing both statutory and field-based approaches. Data were gathered through literature reviews, analysis of laws and official government documents, and interviews with stakeholders involved in regional tax management in North Sumatra Province. The findings indicate that the previous PKB revenue-sharing scheme faced various obstacles, particularly delays in fund disbursement to regency and city governments caused by lengthy bureaucratic procedures. Implementing the PKB *opsen* has the potential to improve the efficiency of tax revenue distribution through direct disbursement mechanisms into regency/city treasuries, thereby accelerating PAD receipt and bolstering regional fiscal independence. Conversely, potential challenges exist, such as uncertain public perception regarding the tax burden and a possible decline in gross revenue at the provincial level. Therefore, the successful implementation of the PKB *opsen* requires synergy among the provincial government, regency/city governments, the police, and relevant agencies to enhance taxpayer compliance and optimize regional tax revenue management. Keywords: Locally-Generated Revenue, Motor Vehicle Tax, Tax *Opsen* (Additional Levy), Revenue-Sharing Fund, Fiscal Independence, North Sumatra Province.   Abstrak: Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) merupakan indikator penting dalam mengukur kemandirian fiskal daerah. Di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) menjadi salah satu sumber utama PAD dengan kontribusi yang dominan terhadap penerimaan pajak daerah. Seiring berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2022 tentang Hubungan Keuangan antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintahan Daerah (UU HKPD), diperkenalkan kebijakan opsen PKB sebagai pengganti skema Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH) guna meningkatkan efektivitas penerimaan daerah dan memperkuat kemandirian fiskal pemerintah kabupaten/kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengelolaan PAD melalui opsen PKB di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, mengkaji prosedur alokasi DBH PKB sebelum berlakunya opsen, serta memproyeksikan dampak implementasi kebijakan opsen PKB terhadap penerimaan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen resmi pemerintah, serta wawancara dengan pihak terkait dalam pengelolaan pajak daerah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skema DBH PKB yang berlaku sebelumnya masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, terutama keterlambatan penyaluran dana kepada pemerintah kabupaten/kota akibat prosedur birokrasi yang panjang. Penerapan opsen PKB berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi penerimaan pajak melalui mekanisme penyaluran langsung ke kas daerah kabupaten/kota, sehingga mempercepat penerimaan PAD dan memperkuat kemandirian fiskal daerah. Di sisi lain, terdapat potensi tantangan berupa ketidakpastian persepsi masyarakat terhadap beban pajak serta kemungkinan penurunan penerimaan bruto di tingkat provinsi. Oleh karena itu, keberhasilan implementasi opsen PKB memerlukan sinergi antara pemerintah provinsi, pemerintah kabupaten/kota, kepolisian, dan instansi terkait untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan wajib pajak serta mengoptimalkan pengelolaan penerimaan pajak daerah. Kata Kunci: Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor, Opsen Pajak, Dana Bagi Hasil, Kemandirian Fiskal, Provinsi Sumatera Utara.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on firm value in Basic Materials sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2021–2023. Firm value is proxied by Price to Book Value (PBV). The data used are secondary data obtained from annual financial statements. The sample consisted of 15 companies over a three-year observation period (2021–2023), resulting in 45 observations selected using purposive sampling. The analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis along with classical assumption tests. The results showed that partially, Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) do not have a significant effect on firm value, with significance values of 0.641, 0.248, and 0.644 (>0.05), respectively. Simultaneously, ROA, ROE, and DER have a significant effect on firm value, with an Fcount value of 3.664 > Ftable 2.83 and a significance value of 0.020 < 0.05. The Adjusted R Square value is 0.154, which means that 15.4% of the variation in firm value can be explained by ROA, ROE, and DER, while the remaining 84.6% is influenced by other variables outside the research model. Keywords: Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, Firm Value, Price to Book Value   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor Basic Materials yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2021–2023. Nilai perusahaan diproksikan dengan Price to Book Value (PBV). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 15 perusahaan dengan masa pengamatan selama 3 tahun (2021–2023) sehingga diperoleh 45 pengamatan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai signifikansi masing-masing sebesar 0,641; 0,248; dan 0,644 (>0,05). Namun secara simultan, ROA, ROE, dan DER berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan nilai Fhitung 3,664 > Ftabel 2,83 dan nilai signifikansi 0,020 < 0,05. Nilai Adjusted R Square sebesar 0,154 yang berarti bahwa 15,4% variasi nilai perusahaan dapat dijelaskan oleh ROA, ROE, dan DER, sedangkan 84,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar model penelitian. Kata kunci: Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, Nilai Perusahaan, Price to Book Value

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of Return on Assets (ROA), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) on Stock Prices in Mining Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The data used are secondary data. The sample consisted of 25 companies during the 2023–2025 period, resulting in 75 observations. The research employed a quantitative method using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the F-test showed that ROA, GPM, and NPM simultaneously have a significant effect on Stock Prices with an Fcount value of 3.821 > Ftable 2.73. The results of the t-test showed that ROA has a positive and significant effect on Stock Prices with a tcount value of 2.979 > ttable 1.99346. GPM does not have a significant effect on Stock Prices with a -tcount value of -1.643 > -ttable -1.99346. Meanwhile, NPM has a positive and significant effect on Stock Prices with a tcount value of 2.227 > ttable 1.99346. The Adjusted R Square value is 0.103, which means that 10.3% of the variation in Stock Prices can be explained by ROA, GPM, and NPM, while the remaining 89.7% is influenced by other variables outside the research model. Keywords: Return on Assets, Gross Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin, Stock Prices   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan dan parsial Return On Asset (ROA), Gross Profit Margin (GPM) dan Net Profit Margin (NPM) Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Jumlah sampel 25 perusahaan pada periode 2023 – 2025 dengan jumlah 75 pengamatan. Metode penelitian kuantitatif serta menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil Uji F secara simultan variabel ROA, GPM dan NPM berpengaruh terhadap Harga Saham dengan nilai Fhitung (3.821) > Ftabel (2.73). Hasil Uji t, variabel ROA berpengaruh positif terhadap Harga Saham dengan nilai thitung (2.979) > ttabel (1.99346), variabel GPM  tidak berpengaruh terhadap Harga Saham dengan nilai -thitung (-1.643) > -ttabel     (-1.99346) dan variabel NPM berpengaruh positif  terhadap Harga Saham dengan nilai thitung  (2.227) > ttabel (1.99346). Uji R2, nilai adjusted R square adalah sebesar 0.103 artinya 10.3 % variabel Harga Saham yang bisa dijelaskan oleh variasi dari ketiga variabel independen  yaitu ROA, GPM dan NPM sedangkan sisanya 89.7 % dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar model penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Return on Assets, Gross Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin, Harga Saham

Abstract: This study aims to determine the partial and simultaneous influence of Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio and Current Ratio on Financial Performance in Banking Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The number of population samples of 48 companies and samples of 15 companies multiplied by 3 observation years 2022-2024 to 45 samples. However, from the 40 samples, 3 samples were found from outlier observations so that they were eliminated as samples, then data was obtained as many as 42 samples. Data analysis using Multiple Linear Regression. The results of the t-test, partially the Debt to Equity Ratio had a positive effect on financial performance with a tcal value of 2.331 > ttable 2.022 and a significance of 0.025 < 0.05. Debt to Asset Ratio partially has a negative effect on Financial Performance with a value of -tcal (-3.120) < -ttable (-2.022) with a significance value of 0.003 < 0.05. Meanwhile, the Current Ratio has a negative effect on financial performance with a value of -tcal (-3.498) < -ttable (-2.022) with a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05. Meanwhile, the results of the F Test simultaneously show that the Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, and Current Ratio variables have an effect on Financial Performance with a Calculation value of 6.768 > 2.85 F and a significance value of 0.001 < 0.005. The R2 test, the Adjusted R Square value produced a value of 0.297, meaning that the correlation of all independent variables consisting of Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, and Current Ratio to the dependent variable, namely financial performance, was 29.7% while the remaining 70.3% was influenced by other factors that were not included in this research model. Keywords: Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Financial Performance   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parsial dan simultan dari Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio dan Current Ratio terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jumlah sampel penduduk 48 perusahaan dan sampel 15 perusahaan dikalikan 3 tahun observasi 2022-2024 menjadi 45 sampel. Namun, dari 40 sampel tersebut, ditemukan 3 sampel dari pengamatan outlier  sehingga dieliminasi sebagai sampel, kemudian diperoleh data sebanyak 42 sampel. Analisis data menggunakan Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil uji t, sebagian Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan dengan nilai thitung 2,331 > ttabel 2,022 dan signifikansi 0,025 < 0,05. Debt to Asset Ratio berpengaruh negatif terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan nilai -thitung (-3,120) < -ttable (-2,022) dengan nilai signifikansi 0,003 < 0,05. Sementara itu, Current Ratio berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja keuangan dengan nilai -thitung (-3,498) < -ttable (-2,022) dengan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05. Sementara itu, hasil Uji F secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa  variabel Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, dan Current Ratio  berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan nilai Perhitungan 6,768 > 2,85 F dan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,005. Uji R2,  nilai R Square yang  Disesuaikan menghasilkan nilai 0,297, artinya korelasi seluruh variabel independen yang terdiri dari Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, dan Current Ratio terhadap variabel dependen yaitu kinerja keuangan sebesar 29,7% sedangkan sisanya 70,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak termasuk dalam model penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Rasio Utang Terhadap Ekuitas, Rasio Utang Terhadap Ekuitas, Rasio Lancar, Kinerja Keuangan

Abstract: This study aims to determine the partial and simultaneous influence of Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Earning Per Share (EPS) on Company Value in the Industrial Goods Sub-Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The number of samples of 10 companies in the 2022-2024 period with a total of 30 observations. Data analysis used multiple linear regression. The results of the t-test, partially of the DPR had a negative effect on the Company's Value with a value -t_hitung of (-3.539) < (-2.05183) t tabel and a significance of 0.002 < 0.05. DER partially had no effect on the Company's Value with a value of 0.026 t hitung < 2.05183 t tabel with a significance value of 0.980 > 0.05. Meanwhile, EPS partially had a negative effect on Company Value with a value -t_hitung of (-3.862) < (-2.05183) and a significance of 0.002 < 0.05. Meanwhile, the results of the F test simultaneously show that the variables DPR, DER and EPS have an effect on the Company's Value with an F value f hitung of 6.144 > 2.98 Ftables and a significance value of 0.003< 0.05. The R2 test, the Adjusted R Square value produced a value of 0.347, meaning that the correlation of all independent variables consisting of Dividend Payout Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio and Earning Per Share to the dependent variable, namely the company value was 34.7% while the remaining 65.3% was influenced by other factors that were not included in this research model. Keywords: Dividend Payout Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Earning Per Share, Company Values   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) Dan Earning Per Share (EPS) Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Sub Sektor Industrial Goods Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jumlah sampel 10 perusahaan pada periode 2022-2024 dengan jumlah pengamatan 30 pengamatan. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil uji t, secara parsial DPR berpengaruh secara negatif terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan nilai -t_hitung (-3,539) < -t_tabel (-2,05183) dan signifikansi sebesar 0,002 < 0,05. DER secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan  dengan nilai t_hitung 0,026 <  2,05183 t_tabel dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,980 > 0,05. Sedangkan EPS secara parsial berpengaruh secara negatif terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan nilai -t_hitung (-3,862) < -t_tabel (-2,05183) dan signifikansi sebesar 0,001 < 0,05. Sedangkan hasil uji F secara simultan bahwa variabel DPR, DER dan EPS berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan nilai Fhitung 6,144 > 2,98 Ftabel  dan nilai signifikansi 0,003< 0,05. Uji R2, nilai Adjusted R Square menghasilkan nilai 0,347 artinya korelasi seluruh variabel independen yang terdiri Dividend Payout Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio dan Earning Per Share terhadap variabel dependen yaitu nilai perusahaan adalah sebesar 34,7% sedangkan sisanya 65,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Dividend Payout Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Earning Per Share, Nilai Perusahaan